Reduction of smoke, PM2.5, and NOX of a diesel engine integrated with methanol steam reformer recovering waste heat and cooled EGR

Wu, Hung‐Wei; Hsu, Tzu Ting; Fan, Chen; He, Po Hsien

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2018.07.050

Cited by 29 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Besides, after the addition of hydrogen-rich gas with proportionate EGR, smoke, NO x , and PM2.5 emissions were reduced. 67 Wang et al examined thermodynamic capabilities of fuel cells by using a polygeneration system comprising a solar heat collection system, SRM system, fuel cell power, and waste heat recovery system. The results of the simulation showed a system efficiency of 73.7% and 51.7% in summers and winters, respectively.…”

Section: Srmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was observed that heat recovery becomes more efficient when the engine load surges up to 24.8%. Besides, after the addition of hydrogen-rich gas with proportionate EGR, smoke, NO x , and PM2.5 emissions were reduced . Wang et al examined thermodynamic capabilities of fuel cells by using a polygeneration system comprising a solar heat collection system, SRM system, fuel cell power, and waste heat recovery system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steam Reforming of Methanol for Hydrogen Production: A Critical Analysis of Catalysis, Processes, and Scope

Ranjekar

Yadav

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

202

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The hydrogen economy is being pursued quite vigorously since hydrogen is an important and green energy source with a variety of applications as fuel for transportation, fuel cell, feedstock, energy vector, reforming in refineries, carbon dioxide valorization, biomass conversion, etc. Steam reforming of alcohols is a well-established technique to obtain syngas. Methanol is viewed to be a lucrative alternative for fossil fuels, due to its flexibility in being generated from multiple sources, high energy density, and low operating temperatures. The catalysts used for reforming govern the methanol conversion rate and the ratio of gaseous products, i.e., H2, CO, and CO2. Group VIII–XII metals have been widely utilized for methanol steam reforming as they have a higher hydrogen yield. Several other catalysts and novel techniques have been developed and used to date. Quite a few strategies to enhance the performance of catalysts and reduce deactivation have been discussed. This review focuses on the metallic catalysts, mainly Cu, Pd, Zn, with different formulations and compositions for steam reforming of methanol (SRM). Active catalyst components, supports, and their interactions, along with different promoters, are reviewed, and their performances are critically analyzed. The various reaction mechanisms and reaction pathways have been identified and elaborated. A fundamental understanding of the functionality and structure of catalysts is required no matter which alcohol is used as a feedstock, and some general inferences can be obtained from polyhydroxyl feed for the steam reforming of methanol, which is the subject matter of this review. Particularly, the role of copper as a component in mono and multimetallic systems and the nature of support must be studied fundamentally to get high hydrogen yields. It is important to determine how metal support interactions, including oxygen transfer from reducible oxides to the metal site, influence the catalyst activity, selectivity, and stability. Further, the mechanism by which alloying affects the selectivity in multimetallic catalysts must be understood by using high-end characterizations.

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Section: Srmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam Reforming of Methanol for Hydrogen Production: A Critical Analysis of Catalysis, Processes, and Scope

Ranjekar

Yadav

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

202

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“…For years, lots of efforts have been made to decrease the level of exhaust gas emissions and to enhance the performance of direct injection diesel engines. To achieve this goal, different approaches have been applied such as using alternative fuels )alcoholic, 6,7 biofuels, 8 gaseous 9–11 ), using fuel additives, 12,13 increasing the direct fuel injection pressure, 14,15 changing the nozzle geometry configuration, 16,17 exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), 18,19 varying injection rate and timing, 20–22 pilot-injection, 23,24 post-injection, 25,26 and multiple injection strategies. 27,28 Besides these strategies, various combustion technologies, such as homogenous charge compression ignition, 29 part premixed charge compression ignition, 30 and premixed charge compression ignition, 31 have been proposed and widely investigated to achieve better fuel economy and lower emissions in compression ignition engines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the impacts of combustion chamber bowl geometry and injection timing on a reactivity controlled compression ignition engine at low and high load conditions

Jafari

Seddiq

Mirsalim

2020

International Journal of Engine Research

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The present paper aims to assess the impacts of diesel injection timing and two bowl geometries including re-entrant and wide-shallow combustion chambers on the combustion characteristics, emissions formation, and fuel consumption in a reactivity controlled compression ignition diesel engine under low and high load (five and nine bar indicating mean effective pressure) conditions. The results revealed that diesel injection at −60 CA ATDC under low load conditions significantly decreased soot and NOx emissions simultaneously for both piston bowl geometries. The use of the wide-shallow chamber decreased the period of the ignition delay and increased the engine operable load range as a result of more stable combustion under high-load conditions compared to the re-entrant chamber. Moreover, at all diesel injection timings, the indicated specific fuel consumption was decreased by nearly 4.8 and 6.6% under low and high load conditions, respectively when the wide-shallow combustion chamber was used since the heat transfer loss was lower than that of the re-entrant chamber. However, NOx emission under high load conditions at the center of the combustion chamber and more soot emission in the exhaust gas are two disadvantages of the wide-shallow chamber versus the re-entrant combustion chamber.

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“…Thus, these gasification processes inherently induce CO2, Particulate Matters such as dust, dirt, soot, or agglomerated solids in smoke (PM2.5) and carbon particles into the atmosphere [12]. Therefore, conventional gasification processes are not sustainable and alternative cleaner processes are needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of greenhouse gases to synthetic fuel using a sustainable cyclic plasma process

Sarafraz

Christo

Tran

et al. 2023

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Reduction of smoke, PM2.5, and NOX of a diesel engine integrated with methanol steam reformer recovering waste heat and cooled EGR

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Steam Reforming of Methanol for Hydrogen Production: A Critical Analysis of Catalysis, Processes, and Scope

Steam Reforming of Methanol for Hydrogen Production: A Critical Analysis of Catalysis, Processes, and Scope

Assessment of the impacts of combustion chamber bowl geometry and injection timing on a reactivity controlled compression ignition engine at low and high load conditions

Conversion of greenhouse gases to synthetic fuel using a sustainable cyclic plasma process

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