Reduction of soil contamination by cypermethrin residues using phytoremediation with Plantago major and some surfactants

Abstract

Background: Surfactant-enhanced phytoremediation is an eco-friendly treatment for reducing soil contamination. Cypermethrin (CYP) is one of the most widely used pyrethroid insecticides against different pests, and its use causes soil contamination. The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of CYP from contaminated soil by Plantago major (PM) and some surfactants. For the first time, we documented the uptake and translocation of CYP from the soil and used some strategies to improve the effectiveness of this technology, which involved the use of various surfactants to solubilize the contaminant. In a pot experiment, four surfactants [liquid silicon dioxide (SiO 2 , 750 mg L −1 ), 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPßCD, 1%), humic acid (HA, 10 mg L −1 ) and Tween 80 (Tw80, 9.2 mg L −1 )] were used to facilitate the phytoremediation of CYP (10 µg g −1 )-contaminated soil by PM.Results: Our data showed that amending the soil with PM plus SiO 2 significantly reduced the amount of CYP in the soil and highly increased the concentrations of CYP in the plant roots and leaves. The longest half-life value (t 1/2 ) of CYP was in the sterilized soil treatment (24.8 days), and the shortest was in the soil with PM amended with SiO 2 (6.41 days). The half-life value (t 1/2 ) of CYP in soil with PM alone was 10.0 days. Through in vitro experiments, a batch equilibrium technique showed that hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin (HPßCD) is the best surfactant to most efficiently eliminate CYP from the soil. However, in the greenhouse experiment, the addition of SiO 2 to soil cultivated with PM was more effective than the use of other solubility-enhancing surfactants in the removal of significant amounts of CYP (p > 0.05) from the contaminated soil. Conclusions:The integration of SiO 2 + PM is the best treatment and is recommended for minimizing plant contaminant contents in CYP-contaminated soil. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

WITHDRAWN: Enzyme activity and phytoremediation using Plantago major to protect tomato plants from the contamination of cypermethrin pesticide

“…Phytoremediation is a technology which uses plants in the environment to immobilize, eliminate or process pollutants including pesticides (Matsumoto et al, 2009;Aioub et al, 2019). Based on this study, although PM and tomato accumulated signi cant amounts of CYP in their tissues.…”

“…Plantago major (PM) called plantain plant is a well-known perennial herb that grows in many areas such as the meadowland, roadsides, elds developed, canal water and waste zones (Sharifa et al, 2008). The broad surface area of their brous roots and their phytoremediation capability has used PM as a curative plant (Romeh 2010;Romeh 2016;Aioub et al, 2019). Chekol et al, (2002) mentioned that intense soil penetration has to do with a wide brous roots surface.…”

Investigating the degradation behavior of Cypermethrin (CYP) and Chlorpyrifos (CPP) in peach orchard soils using organic/inorganic amendments

“…Anwar et al (2011) investigated residues (0.031 mg kg −1 ) in peach fruits in Nawab Shah, Sindh, and Shah et al (2011) reported concentration of CYP (1.86 mg kg −1 ) in alkaline soils. Various organic and inorganic amendments were applied to biodegrade different group’s pesticides for various fruits crops ( Mohapatra and Phale, 2021 , Aioub et al, 2019 , Mukherjee, 2009 ). Different studies showed that combined application of organic and inorganic amendments were effective to reduce residual effect of CYP.…”

Effect of Triton X-100 on the wheat and lettuce growth and contaminant absorption

“…Previous study showed that a surfactant increased the mobility of metribuzin in soil [28]. Thus, surfactants can be used to remove residual pesticides in soil by solubilizing sorbed pesticides [29]. The increased mobility of pesticides in the presence of surfactants can lead to increased absorption by plants in soil; however, our results show that the absorption in the presence of Triton X-100 was not significantly different from that in the absence of Triton X-100 (i.e., watered with water).…”