Reduction of tar generated during biomass gasification: A review

Rios, Martha Lucia Valderrama; González, Aníbal; Lora, Electo Eduardo Silva; Olmo, Oscar Agustín Almazán del

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.12.002

Cited by 445 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…They cause clogging of pipes and valves and damage to engine and turbine components. For that reason, there are limits recommended separately for various applications such as <100 mg/m 3 , <5 mg/m 3 , and <1 mg/m 3 for internal combustion engines, gas turbines and fuel cells, respectively [1]. This means that the concentration of tars must be drastically reduced before application since their amount in the biomass producer gas is typically in the range of 1-150 g/m 3 [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tar Removal by Nanosecond Pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharge

Dors

Kurzyńska

2020

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: Biogas and biomass producer gas cleaning.Abstract: Plasma-catalytic reforming of simulated biomass tar composed of naphthalene, toluene, and benzene was carried out in a coaxial plasma reactor supplied with nanosecond high-voltage pulses. The effect of Rh-LaCoO 3 /Al 2 O 3 and Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalysts covering high-voltage electrode on the tar conversion efficiency was evaluated. Compared to the plasma reaction without a catalyst, the combination of plasma with the catalyst significantly enhanced the conversion of all three tar components, achieving complete conversion when an Rh-based catalyst was used. Apart from gaseous and liquid samples, char samples taken at five locations inside the reactor were also analyzed for their chemical composition. Char was not formed when the Rh-based catalyst was used. Different by-products were detected for the plasma reactor without a catalyst, with the Ni-and Rh-based catalysts. A possible reaction pathway in the plasma-catalytic process for naphthalene, as the most complex compound, was proposed through the combined analysis of liquid and solid products. electron density and energy, plasma homogeneity, simple design and operation, capacity to induce reactions at relatively ambient temperature, atmospheric operational pressure, and very low level of coke production [20]. The novelty of this work lies in the combination of four problems that have so far been studied independently or in a smaller combination, i.e.,: Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 991 A typical voltage pulse is presented in Figure 2. It does not depend on the reactor geometry, condition of the dielectric barrier, presence of catalysts, or gas composition. Its half-measured width is 9 ns, which ensures fast energization of electrons and inhibits their thermalization. This way, energy delivered to the discharge is not wasted in gas heating but consumed by electrons and further the production of radicals via electron-induced dissociation of molecules.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many methods to purify gas of tars [1][2][3]. Among the methods, the most attractive are those that enable the transformation of undesirable tars into components that increase its energy and chemical value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tar Removal by Nanosecond Pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharge

Dors

Kurzyńska

2020

Applied Sciences

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“…In the downdraft gasifier pyrolysis products are forced to pass through the reduction and combustion zone enhancing the tar conversion into gases (<20 g/Nm 3 ). The fluidized bed gasifier has a high conversion efficiency of the carbon content from biomass so that the tar yield is lower (5-20 g/Nm 3 for bubbling and 1-5 g/Nm 3 for circulating fluidized bed reactor) [540].…”

Section: Syngas Clean Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthetic Fuels: Renewable Routes for the Conversion of Non-Fossil Feedstocks into Gaseous Fuels and Their End Uses

et al. 2020

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Innovative renewable routes are potentially able to sustain the transition to a decarbonized energy economy. Green synthetic fuels, including hydrogen and natural gas, are considered viable alternatives to fossil fuels. Indeed, they play a fundamental role in those sectors that are difficult to electrify (e.g., road mobility or high-heat industrial processes), are capable of mitigating problems related to flexibility and instantaneous balance of the electric grid, are suitable for large-size and long-term storage and can be transported through the gas network. This article is an overview of the overall supply chain, including production, transport, storage and end uses. Available fuel conversion technologies use renewable energy for the catalytic conversion of non-fossil feedstocks into hydrogen and syngas. We will show how relevant technologies involve thermochemical, electrochemical and photochemical processes. The syngas quality can be improved by catalytic CO and CO2 methanation reactions for the generation of synthetic natural gas. Finally, the produced gaseous fuels could follow several pathways for transport and lead to different final uses. Therefore, storage alternatives and gas interchangeability requirements for the safe injection of green fuels in the natural gas network and fuel cells are outlined. Nevertheless, the effects of gas quality on combustion emissions and safety are considered.

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“…In development of biomass gasification technologies, one of the critical aspects is tar formation [11]. With respect to fossil fuels, biomass is difficult to burn in a clean and efficient way.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Tests and Modeling on a Combined Heat and Power Biomass Plant

et al. 2019

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Renewable energy sources can help the countries to achieve some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provided from the recent 2030 Agenda, allowing for clean, secure, reliable and affordable energy. Biomass technology is a relevant renewable energy to contribute to reach a clean and affordable energy production system with important emissions reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG). An innovative technological application of biomass energy consisting of a burner coupled with an external fired gas turbine (EFGT) has been developed for the production of electricity. This paper shows the results of the plant modelling by Aspen Plus environment and preliminary experimental tests; the validation of the proposed model allows for the main parameters to be defined that regulate the energy production plant supplied by woodchips.

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Reduction of tar generated during biomass gasification: A review

Cited by 445 publications

References 129 publications

Tar Removal by Nanosecond Pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharge

Tar Removal by Nanosecond Pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharge

Green Synthetic Fuels: Renewable Routes for the Conversion of Non-Fossil Feedstocks into Gaseous Fuels and Their End Uses

Experimental Tests and Modeling on a Combined Heat and Power Biomass Plant

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