Reduction reactions versus hydrogen

Electrocatalysis of nitrogen pollution: transforming nitrogen waste into high-value chemicals

“…67,79–84 Recently, the electrocatalysts design and optimization based on theoretical calculation advanced by leaps and bounds, which has decreased the time cost compared with the “trial and error” approach. 85–92 Such development helps us narrows the scope of potential electrocatalyst candidates, pushing the realization of the electrocatalytic NW recycling. However, electrocatalysts have not yet been customized for practical application because of the following technical challenges: (1) the time- and voltage-dependent stability of faradaic efficiency when directly coupled with renewable energy systems; and (2) the low-cost mass preparation of catalysts.…”

UREAlity Check: Approaching the Rising Field of Electrofertilizers

“…Since NO 3 RR takes place on almost the entire pH scale 32 when a proper catalyst is chosen, CO 2 RR represents a double bottleneck: HER outpaces CO 2 RR on PGMs and transition metal chalcogenides 33,34 (regardless the pH) and under an acidic environment (regardless of the catalyst nature). 27,35 The E-UREA community seems then to be left with neutral to alkaline pH and zerovalent transition metals.…”

“…CO 2 RR and NO 3 RR selectivity can indeed be steered toward the carbon and nitrogen intermediates needed for C–N coupling (whose nature is still under debate) by selecting the right pH as well as catalyst (Figure ). Since NO 3 RR takes place on almost the entire pH scale when a proper catalyst is chosen, CO 2 RR represents a double bottleneck: HER outpaces CO 2 RR on PGMs and transition metal chalcogenides , (regardless the pH) and under an acidic environment (regardless of the catalyst nature). , The E-UREA community seems then to be left with neutral to alkaline pH and zerovalent transition metals.…”

Recent Progress of Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia on Copper‐Based Catalysts: From Nanoparticles to Single Atoms

“…H 2 ) is thermodynamically and kinetically favorable with the increasing overpotential, further reducing the Faradaic efficiency (FE) toward NH 3 formation. [12] Efficient electrocatalysts DOI: 10.1002/aesr.202300284 Ammonia (NH 3 ) is a vital chemical for modern human society. It is conventionally produced by the energy-and emission-intensive Haber-Bosch process.…”