Reductive alkylation of aminofluorans: A simple route to intrinsically thermochromic fluorans

Azizian, Farid; Field, Amanda J.; Heron, B. Mark

doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.06.009

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Because of the better thermochromic performance of FP as compared to FG, ,, we mainly focused on FP-based nanoparticles and used FG as the supplementary reagent to increase the complexity of the encryption design (see below). We used 1-tetradecanol as the cosolvent because the melting point of 1-tetradecanol is 38 °C, in which we expected that we could observe the color transition by the human body temperature (∼37 °C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrabright Fluorescent Polymer Dots with Thermochromic Characteristics for Full-Color Security Marking

Yang

Chan

2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Innovative and scalable security technologies are in high demand to deter increasing counterfeiting in modern society. Here, we report the first example of thermochromic–fluorescent ink based on semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) by taking advantage of the unique optical properties of Pdots. We designed and synthesized two types of thermochromic molecules and then incorporated them with multicolor fluorescent Pdots. The resulting Pdots exhibited colorimetric and fluorescent dual-readout abilities in response to different temperatures which greatly increase the security level for anticounterfeiting applications. These multifunctional Pdots can be easily doped into flexible substrates or prepared as inks. These full-color inks can be further loaded into marker pens for handwriting or cartridges for inkjet printing with excellent signal-to-background contrast. Moreover, complex and delicate full-color images can be printed on security documents or currency for practical use. We anticipate that this first example of thermoresponsive dual-readout methodology based on Pdots will have broad use in advanced security marking technologies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PS-PEG-COOH polymer (P15019-SEOCOOHcomb, M n = 36.5 × 10 3 , PDI = 1.3) was purchased from Polymer Source, Inc. (Province of Quebec, Canada). Thermochromic fluoran derivatives, FP and FG , were synthesized based on the previously reported works with modified procedures. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrabright Fluorescent Polymer Dots with Thermochromic Characteristics for Full-Color Security Marking

Yang

Chan

2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Typical leuco dyes used for thermochromic mixtures are spirolactones, fluorans, spiropyran, and fulgides. Some transformations such as spiroxazine 35 and fluorans 36 are shown in their molecular structures in Figure 1…”

Section: Thermochromic Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assumption is that under a fixed skin temperature, the amount of heat input to the bracelet is constant. Since the thermochromic material can display a broad range of color based on the specific activation 35,36 temperature, the final color displayed on the bracelet will be a direct indication of the user's current skin temperature. Admittedly, the ambient temperature is a main disturbance that impacts the optimal performance of the device.…”

Section: Principle Of Skin Temperature Monitoring Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

Heatguard: An ultra-low-cost three-dimensional-printed sensor for skin temperature alert and reporting system

Smith

Tadinada

et al. 2019

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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A heatstroke is one of the most serious forms of heat injury and is classified as a medical emergency. It is characterized by an elevated core body temperature along with the failed body cooling mechanism in response to the sudden heat-up. People vulnerable to a heatstroke are children, elders and sports professionals. Previous efforts have emphasized exercise adjustments and post-treatments, such as environmental-based activity modification and cold-water immersion. However, the general public, especially elders, will have difficulty to conduct such adjustments by themselves. Moreover, few studies have been conducted on the early preventive measurement stage. A wearable three-dimensional-printed thermochromic device proposed here can warn the people of a sudden rise in skin temperature and can advise them to take quick action. Combined with the smartphone applications, for both the android and iPhone platform, the device is able to monitor real-time skin temperature and alerts the people who are vulnerable to a heatstroke. The three-dimensional printable resin developed can change color at a specific activation temperature. The device has undergone a series of performance tests in order to optimize the color transition rate and stability of color change. The accuracy of our device is compared to the conventional thermometer; the regression analysis shows the R2 value is 0.7599 and the average error is 1.3 °C. Future work will be to mitigate the surrounding lighting effects on the smartphone camera and further improve our device accuracy.

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“…Nevertheless, the presence of bisphenol A in leuco dyes generates major environmental concerns and solvent leakage upon heating 20 (when the leuco dye reaches the thermochromic temperature, the solvent is changed to a liquid from a solid 18 ), thus making them unsuitable for textile applications. 21 Stimuliresponsive functional materials have been investigated as a suitable alternative. Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A graphene-based electro-thermochromic textile display

Liu

Yin

et al. 2020

J. Mater. Chem. C

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Reductive alkylation of aminofluorans: A simple route to intrinsically thermochromic fluorans

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Ultrabright Fluorescent Polymer Dots with Thermochromic Characteristics for Full-Color Security Marking

Ultrabright Fluorescent Polymer Dots with Thermochromic Characteristics for Full-Color Security Marking

Heatguard: An ultra-low-cost three-dimensional-printed sensor for skin temperature alert and reporting system

A graphene-based electro-thermochromic textile display

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