Reductive catalytic fractionation as a novel pretreatment/lignin-first approach for lignocellulosic biomass valorization: A review

Simply Prepared, Wood‐Based Solar Evaporators for Highly Effective Oily Wastewater Purification

“…At the microscopic level, lignin is composed of three precursors: p-coumaryl, coniferyl, and sinapyl alcohols (Figure S2c, Supporting Information), which are chemically bonded through β-O-4, α-O-4, and 4-O-5 (Figure S6, Supporting Information). [20] When the wood is immersed in a mixed solution of NaOH and Na 2 SO 3 , the nucleophilic sulphites will sulphonate the α-position in the lignin to produce lignin sulphonate, which improves the solubility of the lignin in NaOH solution for the purpose of delignification [21] (Figure S7, Supporting Information). In contrast, the β-O-4 bond is broken by the cleavage of the quinone methide intermediate under alkaline conditions to further remove lignin.…”

Recent advances in catalytic conversion of lignin to value-added chemicals using ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents: a critical review

“…In addition to all of these methods, researchers are concentrating on the in situ conversion of the lignin moiety exclusively to produce fine compounds from lignocellulosic biomass via oxidative, reductive, and biochemical processes. 45–49 During biomass pretreatment, the upgrading of lignin has been hindered because of its heterogeneous structure, ineffective extraction, condensation, and biomass recalcitrance. Hence, for better lignin valorization, to carry out efficient extraction along with high-purity lignin, there should be an effective fractionating process.…”

The Synergy of Alloyed Pd and Ni Over H-NbOx: Enhancing Hydrogenation of Lignin Derivatives and Lignin Bio-Oil into Cyclic Hydrocarbons and Alcohols

“…Therefore, there is a need to explore alternative sources for sustainable energy/chemical production. One promising and abundant alternative that holds immense potential for both chemical and fuel synthesis is lignocellulose biomass. − Lignocellulose, derived from plant matter such as wood, crop residues, and other agricultural byproducts, offers a sustainable and renewable resource for meeting our energy and chemical needs . The polymeric nature of lignocellulose biomass and oxygen content in bio-oil pose challenges for its direct use as a biofuel due to the issues like low heating value, corrosiveness, and instability. , Additionally, in second-generation (2G) biorefineries, only the sugar fractions are typically utilized, while the lignin remains unutilized. , Moreover, a significant amount of lignin is generated as a secondary product in the pulp and paper industries .…”