“…Other secondary criteria are: obstacle avoidance (Klein and Kee 1989), joint torque optimization (Honegger and Codourey 1998, Noble 1975, Sciavicco and Siciliano 1987, joint velocity constraints (Beiner 1999, Cleary and Tesar 1990, Martin et al 1989, Nedungadi and Kazerounian 1989, energy minimization (Beiner 1999, Chan and Dubey 1995, Klein 1985, manipulator precision (Klein 1985), speed of operation (Chan and Dubey 1995), joint limit avoidance , maximization of various end-effector dexterity measures (Klein and Kee 1989), multiple performance criteria , Erikson and Thor 1999, Nedungadi 1987, global optimization and global versus local optimization. Additional information about redundant manipulators can be found in Siciliano (1990).…”