REE controls in ultramafic hosted MOR hydrothermal systems: An experimental study at elevated temperature and pressure

Allen, Douglas E.; Seyfried, William E.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.07.016

Cited by 166 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…respectively, indicating the higher degree fractionation among the LREEs than among the HREEs. The pattern of LREEs enrichment with significant positive Eu anomalies is common for the hydrothermal fluids from the vent fields hosted on a basaltic or ultramafic rock substratum along MORs [33][34][35]. REEs in the sulfides mainly come from the fluids and thus inherit the patterns of the fluids.…”

Section: Reesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mineralogical and geochemical features of sulfide chimneys from the 49°39′E hydrothermal field on the Southwest Indian Ridge and their geological inferences

Chen

Huang

et al. 2011

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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, the Chinese research cruise DY115-19 discovered an active hydrothermal field at 49°39′E/37°47′S on the ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR). This was also the first active hydrothermal field found along an ultraslow-spreading ridge. We analyzed mineralogical, textural and geochemical compositions of the sulfide chimneys obtained from the 49°39′E field. Chimney samples show a concentric mineral zone around the fluid channel. The mineral assemblages of the interiors consist mainly of chalcopyrite, with pyrite and sphalerite as minor constitunets. In the intermediate portion, pyrite becomes the dominant mineral, with chalcopyrite and sphalerite as minor constitunets. For the outer wall, the majority of minerals are pyrite and sphalerite, with few chalcopyrite. Towards the outer margin of the chimney wall, the mineral grains become small and irregular in shape gradually, while minerals within interstices are abundant. These features are similar to those chimney edifices found on the East Pacific Rise and Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The average contents of Cu, Fe and Zn in our chimney samples were 2.83 wt%, 45.6 wt% and 3.28 wt%, respectively. The average Au and Ag contents were up to 2.0 ppm and 70.2 ppm respectively, higher than the massive sulfides from most hydrothermal fields along mid-ocean ridge. The rare earth elements geochemistry of the sulfide chimneys show a pattern distinctive from the sulfides recovered from typical hydrothermal fields along sedimentstarved mid-ocean ridge, with the enrichment of light rare earth elements but the weak, mostly negative, Eu anomaly. This is attributed to the distinct mineralization environment or fluid compositions in this area. In 1977 the first hydrothermal black smoker was discovered on the Galapagos Rift by scientists diving in a deep-sea

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Section: Reesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mineralogical and geochemical features of sulfide chimneys from the 49°39′E hydrothermal field on the Southwest Indian Ridge and their geological inferences

Chen

Huang

et al. 2011

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…Instead, REEN pattern shapes of vent fluids appear to be controlled primarily by different composition (i.e., pH and ligand concentrations) and temperature of circulating hydrothermal fluids, which influences the relative aqueous solubility and selective removal of REEs from the rock during fluid-rock interaction (e.g., Bau, 1991;Bach and Irber, 1998;Allen and Seyfried, 2005). These data suggest that the REEN pattern shapes of seafloor vent fluids can be used as indicators of sub-seafloor geochemical processes associated with hydrothermal activity.…”

Section: Controls On Aqueous Ree Compositions Of Seafloor Hydrothermamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, it has been proposed that REEN pattern shapes of vent fluids are controlled primarily by fluid chemistry (e.g., pH, redox, ligand concentrations), temperature and alteration mineralogy that control the solubility and fractionation of REEs during fluid-rock interaction (Bau, 1991;Bach and Irber, 1998;Allen and Seyfried, 2005).…”

Section: Controls On Aqueous Ree Compositions Of Seafloor Hydrothermamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been hypothesized that dissolution of REEs from plagioclase controls the pattern shape of these elements in seafloor hydrothermal fluids because the chondrite-normalized REE compositions of MOR hydrothermal fluids and of plagioclase in basalt are similar Klinkhammer et al, 1994). In contrast, results of experimental studies suggest that REE compositions of seafloor vent fluids are unrelated to primary rock composition (e.g., plagioclase alteration) because REEN pattern shapes of experimental hydrothermal solutions are different from primary REE compositions of the volcanic rock or individual minerals with which these fluids have reacted (Bach and Irber, 1998;M6ller, 2002;Allen and Seyfried, 2005). Rather, experimental studies suggest that seafloor vent fluid REE compositions reflect solubility controls influenced by aqueous REE speciation/complexation (c.f.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical tracers of processes affecting the formation of seafloor hydrothermal fluids and deposits in the Manus back-arc basin

Craddock¹

2009

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, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the field of Chemical Oceanography THESIS ABSTRACTSystematic differences in trace element compositions (rare earth element (REE), heavy metal, metalloid concentrations) of seafloor vent fluids and related deposits from hydrothermal systems in the Manus back-arc basin (Eastern Manus Basin, EMB and Manus Spreading Center, MSC) are used to investigate processes that affect their formation. Processes responsible for observed differences in fluids and deposits from distinct geologic settings include (a) fluid-rock interaction (with temperature, pressure and crustal composition as variables), (b) magmatic acid volatile input and, (c) local seawater entrainment and mixing with hydrothermal fluids, coupled with sulfide precipitation and metal remobilization. REE distributions in vent fluids in the Manus Basin exhibit a wide range of chondrite-normalized patterns that contrast with the relatively uniform distributions observed in mid-ocean ridge vent fluids. This heterogeneity is attributed to marked differences in fluid pH and fluoride and sulfate concentrations that significantly affect REE solubility. The data indicate that REEs can be used as indicators of the styles of magmatic acid volatile input in back-arc hydrothermal systems. Anhydrite in deposits record the same range of REE patterns, suggesting that REE distributions preserved in anhydrite can be used as indicators of past magmatic acid volatile input. Vent fluid heavy metal and metalloid concentrations also exhibit considerable differences. High metal concentrations in EMB versus MSC vent fluids reflect low pH, largely from input of magmatic acid volatiles (indicated by fluoride concentrations greater than seawater). In EMB, metal concentrations are locally affected by dissolution of previously deposited sulfide owing to low pH conditions affected by magmatic acid volatile input or seawater entrainment and mixing with hydrothermal fluid that leads to sulfide precipitation and secondary acidity generation. Massive sulfide deposits in the Manus Basin exhibit a wide range of mineral compositions and heavy metal enrichments. The formation of Zn-rich (sphalerite/wurtzite) deposits in the MSC and of Cu-Fe and Cu-As-rich (chalcopyrite, tennantite) deposits in the EMB reflects differences in the conditions of sulfide precipitation (temperature, pH) and in metal concentrations. The data suggest that heavy metal and metalloid distributions in massive sulfide deposits can be used as indicators of the conditions of vent deposit formation.Thesis Co-Supervisor: Dr. Margaret K. Tivey Title: Senior Scientist, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Thesis Co-Supervisor: Prof. Wolfgang Bach Title: Professor of Geochemistry, University of Bremen ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Suddenly, I think it easier to discuss and distill five-plus of graduate education and research in a thesis dissertation than it is to appropriately pay homage to all those that made this academic journey possible in the first place. M...

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“…Instead they are controlled primarily by the physics and chemistry of the fluid (e.g. temperature, pH, redox, availability of ligands) [19,20,26,[33][34][35][36], mineral precipitation and dissolution [8,11,14,37], secondary mineral formation [38], and adsorption by solid particles [16,39].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth elements in hydrothermal fluids from Kueishantao, off northeastern Taiwan: Indicators of shallow-water, sub-seafloor hydrothermal processes

et al. 2013

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The rare earth element (REE) geochemistry of hydrothermal vent systems has been investigated intensively, but few studies have been carried out on marine shallow-water hydrothermal systems like that at Kueishantao. Here we present novel data sets of REE in hydrothermal fluids from Kueishantao, off northeastern Taiwan. The total REE (REE) concentrations of yellowish fluids are similar to those of whitish fluids, 813-1212 ng/L, and are significantly higher than that of ambient seawater. The yellowish fluids have chondrite-normalized REE (REE N ) distribution patterns with slight convex-downward curvatures at Eu; and the REE patterns of the whitish fluids are smooth at Eu, which is related to the lower temperature and more oxidizing conditions. The Kueishantao hydrothermal fluids are slightly enriched in light REE (La-Nd) relative to the heavy REE (Gd-Lu). The behaviors of REE in both yellowish and whitish fluids are affected by the short time of water-rock interaction. The REE distributions in the yellowish fluids are also affected by very low pH (2.81 and 2.29), boiling of the fluid and precipitation of native sulfur. In the whitish fluids, adsorption by small particles and formation of REE-chloride complexes has played a role in the distribution of REE.

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REE controls in ultramafic hosted MOR hydrothermal systems: An experimental study at elevated temperature and pressure

Cited by 166 publications

References 48 publications

Mineralogical and geochemical features of sulfide chimneys from the 49°39′E hydrothermal field on the Southwest Indian Ridge and their geological inferences

Mineralogical and geochemical features of sulfide chimneys from the 49°39′E hydrothermal field on the Southwest Indian Ridge and their geological inferences

Geochemical tracers of processes affecting the formation of seafloor hydrothermal fluids and deposits in the Manus back-arc basin

Rare earth elements in hydrothermal fluids from Kueishantao, off northeastern Taiwan: Indicators of shallow-water, sub-seafloor hydrothermal processes

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