“…Gobiodon prolixus is found in the Indo-Pacific in at least 12 countries/territories (Froese & Pauly, 2022). It is also recorded in Japan (Ryukyu Islands) and Vietnam (Nakae et al ., 2018; Van Nguyen & Mai, 2020). Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ablabys taenianotus is found in at least 15 countries/territories (Froese & Pauly, 2022) in the Eastern Indian Ocean and Western Pacific, with records in Taiwan and mainland China (Liu, 2008; Wu et al ., 2012; Shao, 2022). In the proximity of Hong Kong, it is recorded in Pingtong County, Ryukyu Islands and Vietnam (Shao et al ., 2008; Nakae et al ., 2018; Van Nguyen & Mai, 2020).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Arothron mappa is found in the Indo-Pacific in at least 24 countries/ territories, with records in nearby regions including Taiwan and mainland China (Liu, 2008;Wu et al, 2012;Froese & Pauly, 2022;Shao, 2022). In the proximity of Hong Kong, it is recorded in Tungsha (Pratas), Ryukyu Islands and Vietnam (Shao et al, 2011;Nakae et al, 2018;Van Nguyen & Mai, 2020). territories including Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, Taiwan and mainland China (Liu, 2008;Wu et al, 2012;Froese & Pauly, 2022).…”
“…This species is found in the Indo-Pacific, in at least 68 countries/territories including records from Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan and mainland China (Liu, 2008;Wu et al, 2012;Froese & Pauly, 2022). In the proximity of Hong Kong, it is recorded in Pingtong County, Tungsha (Pratas), Taiping Island, Spratly Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Vietnam, and Xisha Islands (Shao et al, 2008(Shao et al, , 2011Nakae et al, 2018;Van Nguyen & Mai, 2020;Qiu et al, 2021). was ∼12 cm in total length, and was found swimming around large boulders at 2-3 m depth and occasionally dipping into crevices.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The native range of this species covers mainly the Western Pacific region and found in at least 13 countries/territories, including Brunei, mainland China, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Timor-Leste, Vietnam, Australia and Palau (Liu, 2008;Wu et al, 2012;Froese & Pauly, 2022;Shao, 2022). In the proximity of Hong Kong, it is recorded in Pingtong County, Xisha Islands and Vietnam (Shao et al, 2008;Van Nguyen & Mai, 2020;Qiu et al, 2021). was ∼10 cm in total length and was found singly, among soft corals at 13 m depth.…”
The implementation of consistent and continuous biodiversity survey efforts over a long period of time is imperative to the examination of temporal diversity patterns and the evaluation of existing conservation measures' effectiveness. In Hong Kong, a marine biodiversity hotspot in the South China Sea, reef fish diversity has been poorly documented due to inconsistent and sparse biodiversity surveys, posing considerable challenges to long-term monitoring of biodiversity dynamics. To fill in the data gap, regular scuba underwater visual surveys were conducted across 55 dive sites in Hong Kong during the wet seasons from 2018–2021. After ~3171 hours of underwater survey, 31 reef fish species from 14 families that are new to Hong Kong have been recorded, including species from Acanthuridae, Chaetodontidae, Diodontidae, Gobiidae, Labridae, Mullidae, Nemipteridae, Pinguipedidae, Pomacanthidae, Pomacentridae, Ptereleotridae, Solenostomidae, Tetraodontidae and Tetrarogidae. As Hong Kong sits within the natural distribution range of the newly recorded species, the possibility of artificial release was eliminated after careful consideration. These species were all found outside the currently established Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Hong Kong, indicating the need for comprehensive research to identify potential marine reef fish hotspots in areas that are unprotected thus far. Our findings demonstrate the need to establish a long-term monitoring programme that can fill in data gaps of local marine biodiversity to enable the establishment of effective MPAs, and to lay down a baseline for future research and monitoring, so as to safeguard Hong Kong's marine biodiversity in the long term.
“…Gobiodon prolixus is found in the Indo-Pacific in at least 12 countries/territories (Froese & Pauly, 2022). It is also recorded in Japan (Ryukyu Islands) and Vietnam (Nakae et al ., 2018; Van Nguyen & Mai, 2020). Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ablabys taenianotus is found in at least 15 countries/territories (Froese & Pauly, 2022) in the Eastern Indian Ocean and Western Pacific, with records in Taiwan and mainland China (Liu, 2008; Wu et al ., 2012; Shao, 2022). In the proximity of Hong Kong, it is recorded in Pingtong County, Ryukyu Islands and Vietnam (Shao et al ., 2008; Nakae et al ., 2018; Van Nguyen & Mai, 2020).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Arothron mappa is found in the Indo-Pacific in at least 24 countries/ territories, with records in nearby regions including Taiwan and mainland China (Liu, 2008;Wu et al, 2012;Froese & Pauly, 2022;Shao, 2022). In the proximity of Hong Kong, it is recorded in Tungsha (Pratas), Ryukyu Islands and Vietnam (Shao et al, 2011;Nakae et al, 2018;Van Nguyen & Mai, 2020). territories including Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, Taiwan and mainland China (Liu, 2008;Wu et al, 2012;Froese & Pauly, 2022).…”
“…This species is found in the Indo-Pacific, in at least 68 countries/territories including records from Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan and mainland China (Liu, 2008;Wu et al, 2012;Froese & Pauly, 2022). In the proximity of Hong Kong, it is recorded in Pingtong County, Tungsha (Pratas), Taiping Island, Spratly Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Vietnam, and Xisha Islands (Shao et al, 2008(Shao et al, , 2011Nakae et al, 2018;Van Nguyen & Mai, 2020;Qiu et al, 2021). was ∼12 cm in total length, and was found swimming around large boulders at 2-3 m depth and occasionally dipping into crevices.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The native range of this species covers mainly the Western Pacific region and found in at least 13 countries/territories, including Brunei, mainland China, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Timor-Leste, Vietnam, Australia and Palau (Liu, 2008;Wu et al, 2012;Froese & Pauly, 2022;Shao, 2022). In the proximity of Hong Kong, it is recorded in Pingtong County, Xisha Islands and Vietnam (Shao et al, 2008;Van Nguyen & Mai, 2020;Qiu et al, 2021). was ∼10 cm in total length and was found singly, among soft corals at 13 m depth.…”
The implementation of consistent and continuous biodiversity survey efforts over a long period of time is imperative to the examination of temporal diversity patterns and the evaluation of existing conservation measures' effectiveness. In Hong Kong, a marine biodiversity hotspot in the South China Sea, reef fish diversity has been poorly documented due to inconsistent and sparse biodiversity surveys, posing considerable challenges to long-term monitoring of biodiversity dynamics. To fill in the data gap, regular scuba underwater visual surveys were conducted across 55 dive sites in Hong Kong during the wet seasons from 2018–2021. After ~3171 hours of underwater survey, 31 reef fish species from 14 families that are new to Hong Kong have been recorded, including species from Acanthuridae, Chaetodontidae, Diodontidae, Gobiidae, Labridae, Mullidae, Nemipteridae, Pinguipedidae, Pomacanthidae, Pomacentridae, Ptereleotridae, Solenostomidae, Tetraodontidae and Tetrarogidae. As Hong Kong sits within the natural distribution range of the newly recorded species, the possibility of artificial release was eliminated after careful consideration. These species were all found outside the currently established Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Hong Kong, indicating the need for comprehensive research to identify potential marine reef fish hotspots in areas that are unprotected thus far. Our findings demonstrate the need to establish a long-term monitoring programme that can fill in data gaps of local marine biodiversity to enable the establishment of effective MPAs, and to lay down a baseline for future research and monitoring, so as to safeguard Hong Kong's marine biodiversity in the long term.
Vietnam's oldest marine protected area, the Con Dao Archipelago, hosts a high diversity of fishes, but they are not taken into account in its management. Knowledge of the spatial and temporal diversity of fishes is critical to identify the ecological functions of protected habitats, including as nurseries and feeding grounds. One way to assess diversity is using light traps that target young fish stages.
Fish were collected monthly from June 2016 to May 2017 using light traps in three main habitats: seagrass beds, coral reefs and the harbour. Morphometry and DNA barcoding were used to identify the species caught.
A total of 11,293 fish were collected, of which 1,248 were barcoded and assigned to 158 species belonging to 81 genera and 34 families, evidence that coral reefs and seagrass beds in Con Dao marine protected area (MPA) are home to a highly diverse and abundant community of fish species. Species richness and Shannon diversity indices did not differ significantly among sampling sites, but both species composition and diversity indices differed in the wet and dry seasons. The abundance of fish was related to sea water temperatures, which varied significantly depending on the month. During the dry season, fish diversity peaked in April, when the water temperature was highest.
Conserving fish in Con Dao MPA is important not only for the characterization of the trophic network in coral reefs and seagrass beds but also for preservation of coral reef ecosystems and endangered species. Ensuring connectivity between coral reefs and seagrass beds in Con Dao MPA would facilitate fish conservation but, at present, the MPA only focuses on protecting fragmented habitats that are home to a number of endangered mammal species. Local authorities should establish a continuum of protected areas along coastal habitats and seasonal controls on fishing as part of sustainable management of MPAs.
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