Reevaluation of mixing among multiple water masses in the shelf: An example from the East China Sea

Zhang, L.; Liu, Zhe; Zhang, J.; Hong, Gi Hoon; Park, Y.; Zhang, Hujun

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2007.04.002

Cited by 60 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Hence, water characteristics and associated nutrient supplies in the ECS are very complex and show significant seasonal variation. Some nutrient budgets for shelf areas of the ECS have so far been evaluated by box models based on the nutrient concentrations of each water mass and the concept of conservation of water and salt masses (Chen and Wang, 1999;Zhang et al, 2007a) or in combination with Ra (radium) isotopes (Zhang et al, 2007b). However, nutrient budget models do not indicate a contribution of each water-massderived nutrient to primary production on the shelf.…”

Section: Y Umezawa Et Al: Seasonal Shift Of the Nitrate Sources In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal shifts in the contributions of the Changjiang River and the Kuroshio Current to nitrate dynamics in the continental shelf of the northern East China Sea based on a nitrate dual isotopic composition approach

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The northern East China Sea (ECS) serves as a spawning and nursery ground for many species of fish and squid. To clarify the basis of the food web in the northern ECS, we examined the nitrate (NO 3 ) dynamics along four latitudinal transects based on stable nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of NO 3 (δ 15 N NO 3 and δ 18 O NO 3 ) and temperaturesalinity dynamics in both winter (February 2009) and summer (July 2009 and July 2011). The δ 15 N NO 3 and δ 18 O NO 3 , which were distinctly different among the potential NO 3 sources, were useful for clarifying NO 3 sources and its actual usage by phytoplankton. In winter, Kuroshio Subsurface Water (KSSW) and the Yellow Sea Mixed Water (YSMW) predominantly contributed to NO 3 distributed in the shelf water. In the surface water of the Okinawa Trough, NO 3 from the KSSW, along with a temperature increase caused by an intrusion of Kuroshio Surface Water (KSW), seemed to stimulate phytoplankton growth. In summer, Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW), Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM), and KSSW affected the distribution and abundance of NO 3 in the northern ECS, depending on precipitation in the Changjiang drainage basin and the development of the YSCWM in the shelf bottom water. Although isotopic fractionation during NO 3 uptake by phytoplankton seemed to drastically increase δ 15 N NO 3 and δ 18 O NO 3 in summer, relatively light nitrate with δ 15 N NO 3 lower than expected from this fractionation effect might be explained by contribution of atmospheric nitrogen and/or nitrification to NO 3 dynamics in the surface and subsurface layers. If the latter were a dominant process, this would imply a tightly coupled nitrogen cycle in the shelf water of the northern ECS.

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Section: Y Umezawa Et Al: Seasonal Shift Of the Nitrate Sources In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal shifts in the contributions of the Changjiang River and the Kuroshio Current to nitrate dynamics in the continental shelf of the northern East China Sea based on a nitrate dual isotopic composition approach

et al. 2014

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“…This Changjiang River water extends offshore, and therefore, the water mass characteristics of the offshore ECS can be roughly described by the binary mixing of the cooler, less saline CDW and the warmer, more saline Kuroshio water (Zhang et al 1990;Ichikawa and Beardsley 2002;Zhang et al 2007). In contrast, there are other local water masses in the coastal ECS and the Yellow Sea, such as the TWWC and the Yellow Sea Central Cold Water (YSCCW) (Fig.…”

Section: Oceanographic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

δ 18Osw estimate for Globigerinoides ruber from core-top sediments in the East China Sea

Horikawa

Kodaira

Zhang

et al. 2015

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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The paired analyses of the Mg/Ca ratio and oxygen isotopic composition (δ 18 O c ) of surface-dwelling planktonic foraminifera have become a widely used method for reconstructing the oxygen isotopic composition of ambient seawater (δ 18 O sw ) as a robust proxy for surface salinity. Globigerinoides ruber (G. ruber) is a mixed-layer dweller, and its fossil shell is an ideal archive for recording past sea surface water conditions, such as those caused by variability in the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). Here, we investigate the validity of shell-derived δ 18 O sw estimates for G. ruber using core-top sediments from the East China Sea (ECS). First, we determined a local δ . There was not a significant relationship between the salinity and Ba/Ca G. ruber ratios due to the highly variable Ba/Ca G. ruber data. Given the seawater Ba/Ca data and the published partition coefficient for Ba (D Ba = 0.15-0.22), pristine Ba/Ca G. ruber ratios at northern Okinawa Trough sites should be less than 0.84 μmol mol ) might be attributable to contamination by sedimentary barite adherent on fossil shells. Therefore, further evaluation of the Ba/Ca G. ruber ratio as a paleo-salinity proxy requires diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)-cleaned Ba/Ca data that can minimize the influence of barite contamination.

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“…Kim et al (2005) described how the TsWC waters are a mixture of waters originating from the Taiwan Strait and those originating directly from the Kuroshio using the composition ratio of the oxygen isotope and salinity for the waters around Jeju Island. Zhang et al (2007) used a radium (Ra) isotope as well as temperature and salinity to estimate the mixing proportion among four water masses; Kuroshio Surface Water, Kuroshio Subsurface Water (KSSW), Changjiang Diluted Water and Taiwan Strait Warm Water. They mentioned the advantage of using the Ra isotope as a tracer as being its non-particlereactive nature.…”

Section: Chemical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

The Kuroshio exchange with the South and East China Seas

2009

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Abstract. The Kuroshio flows along the edges of the marginal East Asian seas such as the South China Sea (SCS) and East China Sea (ECS). Exchanges of materials and energy between the Kuroshio and the marginal seas partly control the environments of the marginal seas. In particular, saline water from the Kuroshio maintains certain salinity in the shelf water in the ECS. Nutrients from the subsurface of the Kuroshio may influence primary production on the shelf. We summarize how the Kuroshio comes into contact with the shelf water or marginal seas, describing phenomena related to the exchange between the Kuroshio and the ECS along with the SCS, using reports in the literature along with original data. The Kuroshio tends to intrude into the SCS through the Luzon Strait in various manners such as direct intrusion, associated with eddies and as a loop current. The Kuroshio intrusion into the shelf region of the ECS has distinct seasonal variation and the Taiwan Warm Current plays a significant role in the determination of water properties in the outer shelf associated with the Kuroshio intrusion. We then examine physical processes related to the interaction between the Kuroshio and shelf water. Interaction between the Kuroshio and the bottom topography is an important process in the control of the exchange around the shelf break. Vertical mixing and frontal eddies are also important factors that control the water exchange and formation of water masses in the outer shelf. Wind stress plays a significant role in the exchange with a rather event-like manner. To determine the source of the water masses, chemical tracers could be powerful tools and it is suggested that a significant part of the shelf water consists of Kuroshio intermediate water.

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Reevaluation of mixing among multiple water masses in the shelf: An example from the East China Sea

Cited by 60 publications

References 34 publications

Seasonal shifts in the contributions of the Changjiang River and the Kuroshio Current to nitrate dynamics in the continental shelf of the northern East China Sea based on a nitrate dual isotopic composition approach

Seasonal shifts in the contributions of the Changjiang River and the Kuroshio Current to nitrate dynamics in the continental shelf of the northern East China Sea based on a nitrate dual isotopic composition approach

δ 18Osw estimate for Globigerinoides ruber from core-top sediments in the East China Sea

The Kuroshio exchange with the South and East China Seas

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