Reexamination of the Requirements to Detect the Failure Wave Velocity in SiC Using Penetration Experiments

Anderson, Jared R.; Orphal, C. E.; Templeton, Danielle L.; W., D.

doi:10.21236/ada457921

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…This Letter suggests to disentangle the measurement of the PPN parameter γ in the Cassini experiment [2,21] from the effect of the gravimagnetic field caused by the barycentric orbital motion of the Sun. The orbital motion must be properly parametrized in the delay equation (2) by making use of the translations (22), (23) where ǫ is a fitting parameter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…These values were used for comparative estimation of the gravimagnetic term in equation (21). The Doppler residuals in the experiment run by [2], were obtained from 9-parameter fit on the calibrated data with the solar corona and the interplanetary medium dispersions removed with double-frequency observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This should be statistically sufficient to measure the gravimagnetic effect caused by the barycentric motion of the Sun. Equation (21) suggests that the gravimagnetic term z GM , if it were ignored for whatever reason, would affect the measured value of the parameter γ. The bias in γ is approximately given by the ratio…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravimagnetic effect of the barycentric motion of the Sun and determination of the post-Newtonian parameter γ in the Cassini experiment

et al. 2007

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The most precise test of the post-Newtonian γ parameter in the solar system has been achieved in measurement of the frequency shift of radio waves to and from the Cassini spacecraft as they passed near the Sun. The test relies upon the JPL model of radiowave propagation that includes, but does not explicitly parametrize, the impact of the non-stationary component of the gravitational field of the Sun, generated by its barycentric orbital motion, on the Shapiro delay. This non-stationary gravitational field of the Sun is associated with the Lorentz transformation of the metric tensor and the affine connection from the heliocentric to the barycentric frame of the solar system and can be treated as gravimagnetic field. The gravimagnetic field perturbs the propagation of a radio wave and contributes to its frequency shift at the level up to 4 × 10 −13 that may affect the precise measurement of the parameter γ in the Cassini experiment to about one part in 10,000. Our analysis suggests that the translational gravimagnetic field of the Sun can be extracted from the Cassini data, and its effect is separable from the space curvature characterized by the parameter γ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravimagnetic effect of the barycentric motion of the Sun and determination of the post-Newtonian parameter γ in the Cassini experiment

et al. 2007

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“…Failure fronts have also been sought in other (opaque) brittle materials , although the evidence for their existence in materials apart from silica glasses is still controversial. Some researchers have claimed that in some brittle materials (such as alumina), failure does not propagate very far into the material from the impact surface , although others concluded this may be a measurement artefact .…”

Section: Methods Of Studying the Dynamic Properties Of Glassmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Introduction to the Properties of Silica Glass in Ballistic Applications

Walley

2013

Strain

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The purpose of this review is to introduce the interested reader to the literature on the use of silica glasses in ballistic applications. These applications include optically transparent windows (where their amorphous nature, appropriate band gap, and cheapness make them ideal window materials) as well as layers in opaque armours designed to be resistant to shaped charges. In the latter application, their increase in volume (bulking) on fracture disrupts the shaped charge jet. Other topics covered in this review include low‐velocity damage by windborne debris, liquid and solid impact, dynamic methods of testing (Hopkinson pressure bar, Taylor impact, and plate impact shock loading), and constitutive models. The use of glass as a shaped charge is also discussed.

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“…Partom [20] postulated the existence of a failure wave based on the experimental results of Kanel et al Partom was able to reproduce experimental wave profiles of 1-D planar impact of soda-lime [21] and borosilicate glass [10], including the recompression signal. However, other researchers have interpreted the failure phenomenon to be one of crack coalescence and growth (e.g., Brar and Clifton, as mentioned in Anderson et al [22]) and refer to a ''failure front'' and/or ''failure kinetics'' instead of a ''failure wave.'' Numerical simulations of a laser-shock experiment by Holmquist and Wereszczak permitted an estimate of the spall strength of intact borosilicate glass [23] for very short pulses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Threshold of Borosilicate Glass Under Plate Impact

Chocron

Barnette

Holmquist

et al. 2016

J. dynamic behavior mater.

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Symmetric plate-impact tests of borosilicate glass projectiles into borosilicate glass targets were performed at stress levels from 0.7 to 2 GPa (impact velocities from 116 to 351 m/s). As far as the authors know this range of velocities has not been explored in the literature previously. The tests used an ultra-high-speed camera to record shock and failure propagation. The velocity of the back of the target was also recorded with a photon Doppler velocimeter (PDV). The images clearly show the shock wave and its propagation at the speed expected. The reflected tensile wave is also apparent. What the authors interpret as the failure wave/front is clearly observed and appears at stress levels of 0.8 GPa (velocities as low as 130 m/s). The images apparently show failure nucleation sites that trail the shock wave. These seem to be closer to the shock wave for higher speeds. A possibility is that the defects open faster at higher impact velocity while at lower velocities they are still present but remain undetected. Interestingly, even though the failure wave is clearly seen, the PDV never detected the expected recompression wave. The reason might be that at these low impact velocities the recompression wave is too small to be seen and is lost in the noise. This, in the past, may have confused researchers by thinking that the failure wave was not present at these low impact velocities. This work also presents a new way to interpret the signals from the PDV. By letting part of the signal travel through the target and reflect on the impact side, it is possible to see the PDV signal decrease in intensity with time. This would be consistent with having damage in the interior of the specimen, something not straightforward to confirm through just high-speed photography.

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Reexamination of the Requirements to Detect the Failure Wave Velocity in SiC Using Penetration Experiments

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Gravimagnetic effect of the barycentric motion of the Sun and determination of the post-Newtonian parameter γ in the Cassini experiment

Gravimagnetic effect of the barycentric motion of the Sun and determination of the post-Newtonian parameter γ in the Cassini experiment

An Introduction to the Properties of Silica Glass in Ballistic Applications

Damage Threshold of Borosilicate Glass Under Plate Impact

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