Reference levels for corticosterone and immune function in farmed saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) hatchlings using current Code of Practice guidelines

Finger, John W.; Thomson, Peter; Adams, Amanda L.; Benedict, Suresh; Moran, C.; Isberg, Sally R.

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.01.023

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…disturbance) and obtaining a blood sample for an individual was noted with a timer (Finger et al . ; see below). Blood was collected into heparinized microhaematocrit tubes and placed on ice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…One week prior (14 days after initial allocation to cages; 17-18 May 2016) to treatment, Finches were bled from the brachial vein with a 26-gauge needle within 3 min of entering the rooms housing them from 08:00 to 08:30 h. The cumulative time between entering a room (i.e. disturbance) and obtaining a blood sample for an individual was noted with a timer (Finger et al 2015;see below). Blood was collected into heparinized microhaematocrit tubes and placed on ice.…”

Section: Blood Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal variation in constitutive and inducible heat shock proteins in the Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata

Finger

Hoffman

Wada

2017

Ibis

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Cellular stressors initiate the heat shock response mediated by heat shock proteins (HSPs). There are two main types of HSPs, constitutive (always expressed) and inducible (upon stress), but as many in vivo studies fail to distinguish between them and because temporal expression patterns often differ among various types of HSPs, it is unclear when to measure HSPs. In this study, 26 (13 per treatment) adult female Zebra Finches Taeniopygia guttata were heat‐stressed (39 °C) or placed in a control brooder (room temperature) for 3 h and were bled 1 week prior to and at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 20 h post‐treatment. Treatment had no effect on levels of either constitutive HSP70 or inducible HSP90, but both HSPs decreased with time relative to baseline, suggesting a possible effect of handling stress and/or circadian variation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Blood Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation in constitutive and inducible heat shock proteins in the Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata

Finger

Hoffman

Wada

2017

Ibis

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“…In contrast, Finger et al . () showed that corticosterone injection in hatchlings of C. porosus failed to affect growth, innate immunity and cellular immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, average values were significantly higher than those described in Finger et al . () (1.8 ng mL −1 ) and Parachú Marcó et al . () for C. latirostris embryos (0.01 ng mL −1 to 7 ng mL −1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether the antibacterial immunocompetence of crocodilians might be impaired under certain conditions, such as exposure to stressors, is not well known. The information related to the effect of stressors on crocodilian physiology is limited to a few studies that examined the impact of capture method, crowding and other forms of stress on growth (Elsey et al ., ; Morici, Elsey & Lance, ), hematological values (Turton et al ., ) and immunity (Finger et al ., ). Herein, we examine the effect of a 4‐week exposure to the most commonly faced environmental stressors (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corticosterone levels and immunological indices in stressed juvenile broad‐snouted caimans

et al. 2017

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The effect of stress in wild vertebrates has been little investigated, especially in crocodilians. In the wild, crocodilians face numerous stressors such as climatic factors, toxicant exposure, and infection. Exposure to stressors may affect the physiological processes of crocodilians, with consequences on its fitness and survival. We experimentally investigated the effect of a 4‐week exposure to environmental challenges (food restriction, water restriction and high temperature) on growth, immunological investment and corticosterone levels of juvenile Caiman latirostris. White blood cells counts, natural antibody (NAb) levels and complement system activity were evaluated to characterize the influence of those treatments on the immune system. We found deprivation of food resulted in reduction in growth and body condition, whereas high temperature had a beneficial effect on the variables measured. Individuals exposed to heat treatment (37 ± 1°C) grew more, and obtained better body condition, higher NAb levels, and significantly lower corticosterone levels relative to caimans in all other groups. Food restricted caimans also illustrated higher NAb levels. Our findings suggest that C. latirostris juveniles are able to tolerate environmental stressors and they are even favored by high temperatures.

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The relationship between health and cell‐mediated immunity measured in ecology: Phytohaemagglutinin skin‐swelling test mirrors blood cellular composition

2015

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The phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) skin-swelling test, a common ecological method for measuring immune responsiveness, uses a subcutaneous injection of PHA to induce an inflammatory response with metrically measurable swelling. Both the immunological basis of this response and the role of pre-exposure physiology remain poorly understood, however, preventing predictions of costs and benefits of immunity investments revealed by the test and their relationship to life-history traits. In this study, we measure PHA-triggered tissue swelling, cellular infiltration into inflamed tissue, and haematological changes in zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata, with the aim of identifying those cell types involved in activation of PHA-induced skin swelling. We show that the inflammation underlying the swelling response is dependent on initial haematological state and alters the composition of circulating leukocytes. Injection of PHA decreased heterophil and monocyte frequency and increased basophil frequency, suggesting changes in leukocyte trafficking and haematopoiesis. Higher initial basophil and lymphocyte frequencies in peripheral blood were associated with increased swelling. High pre-treatment blood lymphocyte levels led to intense lymphocyte migration into inflamed tissue, while high initial basophil levels resulted in lower cellular infiltration. Our results show two possible directions in the association between pre-exposure health and swelling response: (i) a lymphocyte-based pathway that leads to higher responsiveness in high-quality healthy individuals capable of higher energy and resource investment, or (ii) higher responsiveness in diseased individuals with initially elevated basophil levels and pre-activated immunity. Haematological investigation, therefore, facilitates interpretation of PHA skin-swelling test results in ecological immunology, explaining ca. 20 % of variation in skin-swelling data. J. Exp. Zool. 323A: 767-777, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Reference levels for corticosterone and immune function in farmed saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) hatchlings using current Code of Practice guidelines

Cited by 37 publications

References 73 publications

Temporal variation in constitutive and inducible heat shock proteins in the Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata

Temporal variation in constitutive and inducible heat shock proteins in the Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata

Corticosterone levels and immunological indices in stressed juvenile broad‐snouted caimans

The relationship between health and cell‐mediated immunity measured in ecology: Phytohaemagglutinin skin‐swelling test mirrors blood cellular composition

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