Reference point indentation study of age-related changes in porcine femoral cortical bone

Rasoulian, Ramin; Najafi, Ahmad R.; Chittenden, Michael; Jasiuk, Iwona

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.04.003

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This interpretation is consistent with experimental results on the development of porcine cortical bone [18,19,39,40] where bone hardness, stiffness and strength also increase with age. These mechanical property changes are correlated with an increase in the mineral content and a decrease in bone porosity with age.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Pigs can live up to 20 years so a 4 week (wk) pig age corresponds to about 1 year of human age and a 20 wk pig age to 6 years in terms of human age [17]. We selected this age group based on our earlier studies on developing porcine cortical bone which showed noticeable changes in the composition, structure and mechanical properties of bone in this early period [18,19]. More specifically, the mineral content increases from an average of 36 weight percent (wt%) to 56 wt% and water content (related to porosity) decreases from an average of 36 wt% to 16 wt% while the collagen content remains nearly unchanged at 26-28 wt% in femoral porcine cortical bone from the age of 1 to 3.5 months [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We selected this age group based on our earlier studies on developing porcine cortical bone which showed noticeable changes in the composition, structure and mechanical properties of bone in this early period [18,19]. More specifically, the mineral content increases from an average of 36 weight percent (wt%) to 56 wt% and water content (related to porosity) decreases from an average of 36 wt% to 16 wt% while the collagen content remains nearly unchanged at 26-28 wt% in femoral porcine cortical bone from the age of 1 to 3.5 months [18]. These compositional changes lead to an increase in elastic stiffness (Young's modulus) from 10 GPa to 18 GPa for these two age groups [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Avalanche criticality during compression of porcine cortical bone of different ages

et al. 2016

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Crack events developed during uniaxial compression of cortical bones cut from femurs of developing pigs of several ages (4, 12, and 20 weeks) generate avalanches. These avalanches have been investigated by acoustic emission analysis techniques. The avalanche energies are power law distributed over more than four decades. Such behavior indicates the absence of characteristic scales and suggests avalanche criticality. The statistical distributions of energies and waiting times depend on the pig age and indicate that bones become stronger, but less ductile, with increasing age. Crack propagation is equally age-dependent. Older pigs show, on average, smaller cracks with a time distribution similar to those of aftershocks in earthquakes, while younger pigs show only statistically independent failure events.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Avalanche criticality during compression of porcine cortical bone of different ages

et al. 2016

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“…Using a technique known as reference point indentation (RPI), this instrument can measure indentation resistance on mineralized tissue surfaces without the need for surface modification [12,13]. Indeed, recent studies in bone have found a strong correlation between RPI outcomes and nanoindentation [14], tensile mechanical tests [14], or modulus of toughness estimated by three-point bending mechanical tests [15]. Furthermore, clinical studies in bone suggested that some RPI outcomes such as indentation distance increase (IDI) can distinguish between fracture and non-fracture patients [13,16].…”

Section: Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach to evaluate the effect of medicaments used in endodontic regeneration on root canal surface indentation

Yassen¹,

Chu²,

Gallant³

et al. 2013

Clin Oral Invest

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Objectives: To investigate the capability of a novel reference point indentation apparatus to test the indentation properties of root canal surface dentine treated with three intracanal medicaments used in endodontic regeneration. Materials and Methods:Immature human premolars were selected (n=22). Four specimens were obtained from each root and randomly assigned to three treatment groups and a control group. Each specimen was exposed to one of three treatment pastes (triple antibiotic (TAP), double antibiotic (DAP), or calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH) 2 ] or neutral de-ionized water (control) for one or four weeks. After each time-interval, the indentation properties of the root canal dentine surfaces were measured using a BioDent reference point indenter. Two-way ANOVA and Fisher's Protected Least Significant Differences were used for statistical analyses.Results: Significant differences in indentation parameters and estimated hardness between all groups at both time points were found. TAP treated dentine had the highest significant indentation parameters, followed by DAP treated dentine, untreated control dentine and Ca(OH) 2 treated dentine, respectively. Furthermore, TAP treated dentine had the lowest significant estimated hardness, followed by DAP treated dentine, untreated control dentine and Ca(OH) 2 treated dentine, respectively. Conclusion: BioDent reference point indenter was able to detect significant differences in indentation properties of root canal dentine treated with various medicaments.Clinical Relevance: The use of a reference point indenter is a promising approach to characterize the indentation properties of root canal surfaces without any surface modification. This might provide an in vitro mechanical measurement that is more representative of the actual clinical situation.

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“…5 These studies show the real potential for this tool in a clinical setting, even while we are only beginning to understand how RPI outcomes compare with properties measured using traditional mechanical testing modalities. [6][7][8][9] The present study is targeted at a more fundamental level than the clinical and preclinical assessments of RPI described above. Rodents are the most common animals used in skeletal research, owing in large part to the biological tools (for example, genetic manipulation) available for these taxa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo reference point indentation measurement variability in skeletally mature inbred mice

Srisuwananukorn¹,

Allen²,

Brown³

et al. 2015

BoneKEy Reports

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Reference point indentation (RPI) was developed to measure material-level mechanical properties of bone in vivo. Studies using RPI in vivo have discriminated between human subjects with previous skeletal fractures and those without and among dogs given different anti-remodeling drugs. Recently, this technology was extended to rats, providing the first in vivo data for rodents. The goal of the present study was to perform in vivo RPI measurements in mice, the most common animal model used to study bone. Twelve 16-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were subjected to RPI (three tests) on the anterior tibia, followed by a repeat test session on the contralateral limb 28 days later. A custom MATLAB program was used to derive several outcome parameters from RPI force-displacement curves: first cycle indentation distance (ID-1st), ID increase (IDI), total ID (TID), first cycle unloading slope (US-1st) and first cycle energy dissipation (ED-1st). Data within an individual were averaged across the three tests for each time point. Within-animal variation of all RPI parameters on day 1 ranged from 12.8 to 33.4% and from 14.1 to 22.4% on day 28. Between-animal variation on day 1 ranged from 11.4% to 22.8% and from 7.5% to 24.7% on day 28. At both time points, within-and between-animals, US-1st was the least variable parameter and IDI was most variable. All parameters were nonsignificantly lower at day 28 compared with day 1. These data are important to demonstrate the feasibility of collecting bone material property data longitudinally in mice and will inform the design of future studies in terms of statistical power and appropriate sample size considerations.

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Reference point indentation study of age-related changes in porcine femoral cortical bone

Cited by 37 publications

References 54 publications

Avalanche criticality during compression of porcine cortical bone of different ages

Avalanche criticality during compression of porcine cortical bone of different ages

A novel approach to evaluate the effect of medicaments used in endodontic regeneration on root canal surface indentation

In vivo reference point indentation measurement variability in skeletally mature inbred mice

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