Reference Ranges of Fetal Cerebral Lateral Ventricle Parameters by Ultrasonography

Abstract

Objectives This study was done to evaluate the normal fetal cerebral lateral ventricle dimensions with transabdominal ultrasonography. The atrial width (AW), ventricle-tochoroid measurement (V-C), ventricle-to-hemisphere ratio (VHR), and combined anterior horn measurement (CAHM) were taken. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving 400 normal singleton pregnant subjects whose gestational ages were between 14 and 40 weeks. Transabdominal sonography was performed to obtain the values of the fetal cerebral lateral ventricle (FCLV) parameters. Data were reported as mean AE standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables. The degrees of correlation between FCLV parameters and the estimated gestational age (EGA) were obtained using Pearson's correlation. Regression equations were used to generate the reference limits for the FCLV measurements.Results The values of AW, V-C measurements and CAHM increased with advancing gestation. The mean values of the AW, V-C and CAHM from 14 to 40 weeks increased from 6.60 AE 0.94 mm to 9.75 AE 0.07 mm (R 2 ¼ 0.114), 0.80 AE 0.00 mm to 1.90 AE 0.14 mm (R 2 ¼ 0.266), and 6.95 AE 0.06 mm to 23.07 AE 4.02 mm (R 2 ¼ 0.692) respectively, while the mean VHR decreased from 61.20 AE 1.60% to 42.84 AE 2.91% (R 2 ¼ 0.706) over the same period. Conclusion The AW, V-C, and CAHM increase, while VHR decreases with advancing gestation. ResumoObjetivos O presente estudo objetiva avaliar as dimensões do ventrículo lateral de cérebros fetais por meio de ultrassonografia transabdominal. Foram medidos a largura do átrio (LA), a medida do ventrículo ao coroide (V-C), a razão ventrículo/ hemisfério (RVH), e a medida dos cornos anteriores combinados (CAC).

A Systematic Review of Methodology Used in Studies Aimed at Creating Charts of Fetal Brain Structures

“…Excluded studies and reasons for exclusion are reported in Table S3 . Finally, 42 studies, reported between January 1970 and 2021, met the inclusion criteria, and these provided data for 45,626 fetuses, included in the final analysis ( Table 1 ) [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. The median sample size of participating fetuses was 372.5 (range: 50 to 8313; 25th percentile: 175.8; 75th percentile: 709.3).…”

“…Nine studies reported more than one fetal brain structure [ 9 , 10 , 17 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. In addition, 4 studies reported charts for POF [ 9 , 10 , 17 , 36 ], 6 for SF [ 9 , 10 , 17 , 35 , 36 , 44 ], 3 for AV [ 22 , 36 , 43 ], 14 for PV [ 7 , 8 , 14 , 19 , 23 , 26 , 27 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 43 ], 20 for TCD [ 12 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 31 , 32 , 34 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 45 ,…”

Gallbladder diseases in pregnancy: Sonographic findings in an indigenous African population

“…Gravidity was defined as the sum of all pregnancies (including all live births and pregnancies that terminated at <6 months or did not result in a live birth) (14) . The subdivisions of gravidity were: primigravida (first pregnancy), multigravida (2-5 pregnancies), and grandmultigravida (>5 pregnancies) (15) .…”

Bilateral Congenital Diaphragm Agenesis in a Neonate with Hydrocephalus: Case Report

“…Antenatally, at the age of 18 weeks estimated gestation age, the atrial width for the lateral ventricles was 10 mm and 11 mm on the right and on the left respectively and remained so until the time of delivery. According to reference ranges of fetal ventricle size by ultrasound provided by Ishola et al, our patient's measurements were above the 95 th percentile [7]. Unfortunately images of hydrocephalus were not provided in the records.…”

“…None of the patients was reported to have hydrocephalus [6]. In a case study by Fauz et al, 166 cases with CDH were reviewed, 4 of them had hydrocephalus [7]. Nineteen cases reviewed by Baglaj et al showed 2 of the patients who had CDH had associated hydrocephalus and none of the cases with DA had hydrocephalus [1].…”