Reference values for peak oxygen uptake: cross-sectional analysis of cycle ergometry-based cardiopulmonary exercise tests of 10 090 adult German volunteers from the Prevention First Registry

Abstract

ObjectiveThis study aims to construct quantile reference values for peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) measured by cycle ergometry-based incremental cardiopulmonary exercise tests.DesignCross-sectional study using quantile regressions to fit sex-specific and age-specific quantile curves. Exercise tests were conducted using cycle ergometry. Maximal effort in the exercise tests was assumed when respiratory exchange ratio ≥1.1 or lactate ≥8 mmol/L or maximal heart rate ≥90% of the age-predicted maximal heart rate. This was assessed retrospectively for a random subsample with an a priori calculated sample size of n=252 participants.SettingA network of private outpatient clinics in three German cities recorded the results of cycle ergometry-based cardiopulmonary exercise tests to a central database (Prevention First Registry) from 2001 to 2015.Participants10 090 participants (6462 men, 3628 women) from more than 100 local companies volunteered in workplace health promotion programmes. Participants were aged 21 to 83 years, were free of acute complaints and had primarily sedentary working environments.Main outcome measurePeak oxygen uptake was measured as absolute V̇O2peak in litres of oxygen per minute and relative V̇O2peak in millilitres of oxygen per kilogram of body mass per minute.ResultsThe mean age for both men and women was 46 years. Median relative V̇O2peak was 36 and 30 mL/kg/min at 40 to 49 years, as well as 32 and 26 mL/kg/min at 50 to 59 years for men and women, respectively. An estimated proportion of 97% of the participants performed the exercise test until exertion.ConclusionsReference values and nomograms for V̇O2peak were derived from a large sample of preventive healthcare examinations of healthy white-collar workers. The presented results can be applied to participants of exercise tests using cycle ergometry who are part of a population that is comparable to this study.

Comparison of visual, automatic and semiautomatic methods to determine ventilatory indices in 50 to 60 years old adults

“…Body mass and BMI, as well as the results of CPET (PPO, VO 2peak , HR peak , step max ) showed significant differences between the CRF subgroups (Table 2). Compared to reference values for VO 2peak published by Rapp et al (2018), the CRF-and CRF+ subgroup presented with a mean VO 2peak correspond approximately to the 10 th and 80 th percentile, respectively.…”

“…(2) CRF+, representing the ≥60. Percentile: VO 2peak >34.0 ml • min −1 • kg −1 in males and >27.5 ml • min −1 • kg −1 in females (Rapp, Scharhag, Wagenpfeil, & Scholl, 2018). Thereafter, 25 data-sets per subgroup were selected to analyse the VI-detection ( Figure 1).…”

Can we walk away from cardiovascular disease risk or do we have to ‘huff and puff’? A cross-sectional compositional accelerometer data analysis among adults and older adults in the Copenhagen City Heart Study

“…Firstly, one possible explanation to why we did not see any effect among adults may be that physical activity at work and leisure is suggested to have opposite health effects (43,44) and most of the older adults were not working (i.e., retirement age in Denmark at time of data collection was 65 years). Secondly, as previously discussed, the age-related decrease in VO 2 max (13,14) results in a higher relative intensity of walking among older adults than adults. This offers another explanation to why walking is suggested to have bene cial effects on SBP among older adults, while adults seem to need more hu ng and pu ng by engaging in HIPA.…”

“…Walking may hence be one of the most evident physical activity types to promote on a population level to prevent CVD. However, because the age-related decline in maximal aerobic capacity (VO 2 max) (13,14) leads to a higher relative intensity during walking among elderly, the preventive potential of walking may be highest among older individuals (9). Younger individuals may therefore need to engage in high-intensity physical activity (HIPA) types such as cycling and running to achieve a similar relative intensity and accompanying health bene ts (11,(15)(16)(17).…”

Referenzwerte für die kardiorespiratorische Fitness der allgemeinen Bevölkerung: Die Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland (DEGS1) 2008–2011

“…Zum Beispiel beträgt der Median der VO 2 peak für einen 23-jährigen Mann (Größe: 180 cm, Gewicht: 80kg) nach SHIP 40 ml/min/kg; nach DEGS1 liegt die entsprechende geschätzte VO 2 max-Wert bei 38,5 ml/min/kg. Rapp et al veröffentlichten 2018 Referenzwerte für die VO 2 peak auf der Datenbasis von Gesundheitsvorsorgeuntersuchungen in Rüdesheim, Frankfurt und München (Prevention First-Studie) [44]. Die Mediane der DEGS1 und Prevention First-Studie liegen bei Männern und Frauen in allen Altersgruppen in einem…”