Reference Values for Second Trimester Fetal and Neonatal Organ Weights and Measurements

Hansen, Katrine; Sung, Chih‐Chien; Huang, Carol; Pınar, Halit; Singer, Don B.; Oyer, Calvin E.

doi:10.1007/s10024-002-1117-3

Cited by 61 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to Hansen et al, the size toe-heel length 1.4 cm is small for 13-14 weeks of pregnancy. 29 Based on the expected value by Elejalde and de Elejalde that the length of femora 12.5 to 27 mm, and humeri 12.5 to 26 mm, thus the length of femora 6 mm, whereas the humeri 7 mm in fragmented fetus was shorten. 30 Based on the findings of morphological observation, radiological, histological and genetic analysis, the fetus is fragmented concluded experiencing ACG-2.…”

Section: Achondrogenesis Type 2 In a Fragmented Fetusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetic aspect and morphological appearance of achondrogenesis

Parwanto

2017

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Achondrogenesis (ACG) is a number of disorders that are the most severe form of congenital chondrodysplasia characterized with bones and cartilage malformation. Generally, characteristic of ACG is a small body, short limbs, and other skeletal abnormalities. As a result of infants with ACG their serious health problems, usually born prematurely, are stillborn, or die shortly after birth from respiratory failure. Currently 3 type variants of ACG such as ACG-1A, ACG-1B and ACG-2. ACG-1A appears to be autosomal recessive (AR), with thyroid hormone receptor interactor 11 (TRIP11) gen mutation, while ACG1B also appears to be AR, with diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter or DTDST (SLC26A2) gen mutation. ACG-2 is caused by autosomal dominant (AD), with type 2 collagen (COL2A1) gen mutation. ACG-1A had characterizid such as physis abnormal, vertebral bodies with unossified or smal and oval, skull poorly ossified, periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) stain positive chondrocyte inclusions finding in long bones. ACG-1B had physis abnormal, vertebral bodies with unossified or smal and oval, skull ossified, perichondrocyte collagen rings finding in long bones. ACG-2 also had physis abnormal, metaphyseal cupping, vertebral bodies with unossified or small and oval, enlarged chondrocyte lacunae.

show abstract

Section: Achondrogenesis Type 2 In a Fragmented Fetusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetic aspect and morphological appearance of achondrogenesis

Parwanto

2017

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This report includes the use of foot length and placental weight as measures of growth/gestational age. 22,30 Typically, a microscopic description is included as part of the report, and finally a note is added to indicate that fragmentation of the fetal and placental tissues limits/precludes gross assessment and characterization of all fetal anomalies. …”

Section: Surgical Pathology Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Foot length is recorded as a critical anatomic parameter to estimate gestational age, using standard reference ranges. 22 Fragments of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine are almost always identified and the posterior aspect should be examined. Frequently neural tube defects can be identified with accuracy, although seldom is the spinal cord available for examination.…”

Section: Surgical Pathology Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathologic Examination of Fetal and Placental Tissue Obtained by Dilation and Evacuation

Ernst

Gawron

Fritsch

2013

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context.-Dilation and evacuation (D&E) is an alternative method to induction of labor for pregnancy termination and intrauterine fetal demise, and it is the most common mode of second-trimester uterine evacuation in the United States. Many D&E specimens are examined in surgical pathology, and there is little information available in surgical pathology textbooks or the literature to assist pathologists in these examinations.Objective.-To provide an overview of the D&E procedure, discuss related legal issues, provide guidelines for routine pathologic examination of D&E specimens, and demonstrate the importance of careful pathologic examination of D&E specimens.Data Sources.-Case-derived material and literature review.Conclusions.-Pathologic examination of D&E specimens has been understudied. However, the available literature and our experience support the fact that careful pathologic examination of D&E specimens can identify significant fetal and placental changes that can confirm clinical diagnoses or provide definitive diagnosis, assist in explaining the cause of intrauterine fetal demise, and identify unexpected anomalies that may provide further clues to a diagnostic syndrome or mechanism of anomaly formation.(Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2013;137:326-337; doi: 10.5858/ arpa.2012-0090-RA) P athologic examination of products of conception in routine surgical pathology practice consists largely of the gross and microscopic examination of fragmented fetal and placental tissue from first-trimester missed or induced abortions. The majority of these pathology specimens are handled grossly by technicians, and for the most part, the main goal is the pathologic documentation of chorionic villi and fetal parts. However, pathologists, especially at large academic medical centers, are encountering an increasing number of disrupted, second-trimester fetal specimens for examination. Prior to the 1970s, uterine evacuation in the second trimester was accomplished via labor induction methods, such as prostaglandin or saline instillation, or by hysterotomy, and resulted in an intact fetus. The development of the dilation and evacuation (D&E) procedure during this time period gave an alternative to these methods. In 1974, only 36% of all midtrimester abortions were managed via D&E, but the safety and popularity of this method increased that number to 96% in 2005. 1 The development of a fellowship in family planning in 1991 has trained a new generation of academic D&E providers. This is a 2-year postgraduate training program for obstetrician-gynecologists and focuses on advanced clinical skills, research, and teaching in the field of contraception and abortion. A total of 179 fellows have graduated, with 79% holding positions in academic centers.2 The addition of a trained fellow to an institution will increase access to D&E services and allow women options for management of an unintended or abnormal pregnancy. Women have been shown to preferentially choose management via D&E over labor induction in the second trimester, avoiding an unpr...

show abstract

“…Macroscopic investigation showed a toe-heel distance of 2.2 cm. This is compatible with a gestational age of 16-18 weeks [ 5 ]. On microscopic investigation, there was no definite explanation for the necrosis, although anatomo-pathological findings strongly suggested a vascular thrombosis ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 57%

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome and limb ischemia: a case report

Hollander

Puylaert

Fabry

et al. 2012

Case Reports in Perinatal Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a severe complication of monochorionic twin pregnancies. This condition is associated with high mortality if untreated. Treatment consists of either serial reduction of amniotic fluid or selective laser photocoagulation (SLP). In utero limb ischemia is a known complication of TTTS. An interaction between this condition and SLP has never been established. Here, we describe the first of twins born at 34 weeks' gestational age, delivered by emergency cesarean section for fetal distress after a pregnancy complicated by severe TTTS. The first twin, the recipient in the TTTS, showed a necrotic right limb, which was amputated above the knee joint on the 23 rd day of life. Anatomicpathological investigation revealed vascular thrombosis. The foot-length was compatible with a gestational age of 16-18 weeks, the time of limb ischemia, which is well before 26 weeks, when SLP was performed. Therefore, we refute that the fetal limb ischemia was a complication of SLP.

show abstract

Reference Values for Second Trimester Fetal and Neonatal Organ Weights and Measurements

Cited by 61 publications

References 3 publications

The genetic aspect and morphological appearance of achondrogenesis

The genetic aspect and morphological appearance of achondrogenesis

Pathologic Examination of Fetal and Placental Tissue Obtained by Dilation and Evacuation

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome and limb ischemia: a case report

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About