Refinement of primary carbides in hypereutectic high-chromium cast irons: a review

Jain, Abhi-Shek; Chang, Haiwei; Tang, Xiaodong; Hinckley, B.; Zhang, Mingxing

doi:10.1007/s10853-020-05260-8

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…In order to improve the mechanical properties of HCCI, it can be realised by composition design control, alloying and heat treatment. 4 Alloying can significantly improve the performance of HCCI, some scholars have studied the addition Ti, Ni, Mo and other precious metal elements to improve the performance of HCCI, [5][6][7][8] and find that the addition of these alloying elements to HCCI can not only refine the microstructure, but also generate new hard carbides to improve the hardness and wear resistance of HCCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and properties of hypereutectic high chromium cast iron containing nitrogen

Yawei,

Liqiang,

Minqi

et al. 2024

Materials Science and Technology

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This article investigates the effect of N content on the microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of hypereutectic high chromium cast iron (HHCCI). With the increase of N content, the primary carbides are obviously refined, the austenite content increases, and the dispersed granular Cr2N precipitates. After quenching at 1000 °C, secondary carbides are precipitated from the matrix, the matrix transforms into martensite + retained austenite. With the increase of N content, the corrosion resistance of HHCCI increases, and 0.3 wt.% N HHCCI shows the best corrosion resistance. With the increase of N content, the wear resistance of HHCCI increases. The wear resistance of HHCCI with 0.15 wt.% N is the best, which is 1.57 times that of HHCCI without N.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and properties of hypereutectic high chromium cast iron containing nitrogen

Yawei,

Liqiang,

Minqi

et al. 2024

Materials Science and Technology

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“…In this regard, more and more attention is being paid to the issue of how to improve the characteristics of hypereutectic cast irons [22]. The search for effective ways to reduce the size of primary and eutectic carbides in WCC castings is an important task since it is known that the wear resistance of cast irons and the resistance of castings from them to cracking under dynamic loads increase with an increase in the dispersion of carbides [23,24]. Obviously, with an increase in the crystallization rate, the sizes of primary and eutectic crystals decrease [25], however, when large-sized castings are obtained under industrial conditions, it is not possible to achieve high cooling rates over their cross-section, even when refrigerators are used.…”

Section:  Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of thermal treatment of chromium iron melts on the structure and properties of castings

Panichkin¹,

Wieleba²,

Kenzhegulov³

et al. 2023

Mater. Res. Express

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The article describes the results of experimental studies for the effect of thermal treatment (TTM) of G-X300CrMo27-1 high-chromium cast iron samples in the solid-liquid and liquid state on the structure, phase composition and properties of ingots. For ingots with a carbon content of 2.8 to 4.5 wt.%, cooled at a rate of 3.3 * 10-2 deg/s, the dependencies of the structure, phase composition, composition of primary, eutectic carbides and matrix, hardness HV and microhardness of its individual phases and resistance to abrasive wear from the temperature of isothermal holding at TTM. A significant effect of the TTM temperature of melts on the structure and properties of high-chromium cast iron ingots were detected. The temperatures of inflection on the plotted curves for the characteristics of the structure and properties of the ingots were associated with a phase transition in iron at 1400 0С and with a point on the phase diagram liquidus of the Fe-Cr system. This as well as an increase in the concentration of chromium in the composition of primary carbides with an increase in the TTM temperature up to 1480 0С, made it possible to assume that (Cr, Fe)7C3 clusters stable in composition were formed in the melt of such cast irons below 1500 0С. The reasons for the decrease in the size of primary carbides during G-X300CrMo27-1 molten chromium iron overheating above 1500 0С were substantiated based on these data. During the TTM of fine-crystalline ingots made of hypereutectic cast iron in the temperature range between the liquidus and solidus lines, it was detected that the primary carbides (Cr, Fe)7C3 recrystallized resulting in a significant decrease in the chromium content and an increase in the iron content in them. At the same time, their sizes did not change significantly. Their share increased, and the share of eutectic carbides decreased. Such process also had a significant impact on the properties of the resulting ingots. The most preferable temperatures of hot metal cast irons in the liquid and solid-liquid states were identified based on the results of the studies.

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“…High chromium cast iron (HCCI) has much higher wear resistance and is widely used in manufacturing wear-resistant parts [1,2]. HCCI consists of the essential components of Fe, Cr, and C, and its microstructure is composed of martensite or austenite and M 7 C 3 carbide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Multi-Element Microalloying on the Structure and Properties of High Chromium Cast Iron

et al. 2023

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High chromium cast iron (HCCI) has been widely used as wear-resistant material in the industry. Alloying is an effective way to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of HCCI. This paper added multi-component V-Fe-Ti-Nb-C-Zr-B alloy (VFC) to HCCI, showing a significant synergistic solution-strengthening effect. The results show that the added V-Ti-Nb-B are dissolved in M7C3 carbide to form the (Cr, Fe, V, Ti, Nb)7(C, B)3 alloy carbide, and a small amount of V and all Zr are dissolved in austenite and martensite. Adding VFC into HCCI improved the hardenability of HCCI, decreased the residual austenite content from 6.0 wt% to 0.9 wt%, increased the martensite content from 70.7 wt% to 82.5 wt%, and changed the structure and content of M7C3 carbide. These changes increased the hardness of as-cast and heat-tread HCCI by 1.4% and 4.1%, increased the hardness of austenite and martensite by 7.9% and 7.0%, increased the impact toughness by 16.9%, and decreased the friction coefficient and wear loss by 2.3 % and 7.0 %, respectively. Thus, the hardness, toughness, wear resistance, and friction resistance of HCCI alloy are improved simultaneously.

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Refinement of primary carbides in hypereutectic high-chromium cast irons: a review

Cited by 43 publications

References 174 publications

Microstructure and properties of hypereutectic high chromium cast iron containing nitrogen

Microstructure and properties of hypereutectic high chromium cast iron containing nitrogen

Effect of thermal treatment of chromium iron melts on the structure and properties of castings

Effect of Multi-Element Microalloying on the Structure and Properties of High Chromium Cast Iron

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