“…The deductive coding was used in 32 (42.1%) articles with a top-down approach based on codes derived from previous research. Another 25 (32.9%) articles used inductive coding in a bottom-up approach that was generated from the data with no predefined coding framework using, for example, the grounded theory approach [21], [25], [45], [49], [51], [54], [60], [61], [64], [68], [69], [101], [102]. The third type of coding, which was reported in 19 articles (25%), used a combination of coding methods.…”