Refining the Predictive Pursuit Endophenotype in Schizophrenia

Hong, L. Elliot; Turano, Kathleen A.; O’Neill, Hugh; Liang, Hao; Wonodi, Ikwunga; McMahon, Robert P.; Elliott, Amie; Thaker, Gunvant K.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.06.004

Cited by 47 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Strikingly, when a pursuit target changes directions unpredictably, schizophrenic patients maintain tracking better during the brief period around the change than do healthy controls, suggesting that tracking in schizophrenia patients relies more heavily on retinal error signals, while unaffected controls rely more heavily on extra retinal predictive mechanisms to set pursuit gain (Hong et al 2005). Further supporting this hypothesis, schizophrenia patients exhibit decreased predictive pursuit relative to healthy controls when retinal error signals are eliminated by temporarily masking the pursuit target (Thaker et al 1999;Thaker et al 1998) or by stabilizing the target on the fovea (Hong et al 2008).…”

Section: Prediction Of Current Moment Based On Invariant Memories Is mentioning

confidence: 66%

Memory-Prediction Errors and Their Consequences in Schizophrenia

2009

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Cognitive deficits play a central role in the onset of schizophrenia. Cognitive impairment precedes the onset of psychosis in at least a subgroup of patients, and accounts for considerable dysfunction. Yet cognitive deficits as currently measured are not significantly related to hallucinations and delusions. Part of this counterintuitive absence of a relationship may be caused by the lack of an organizing principle of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia research. We review literature suggesting that a system of memory-based prediction is central to human perception, thought and action , and forward the notion that many of the symptoms of schizophrenia are a result of a failure of this system.

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Section: Prediction Of Current Moment Based On Invariant Memories Is mentioning

confidence: 66%

Memory-Prediction Errors and Their Consequences in Schizophrenia

2009

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“…Keefe and colleagues [84] argue that while such cortical disruption may have a wide-ranging impact on cognition, memory-prediction processes may be particularly affected due to the specific cortical layers most disrupted. Deficits in smooth pursuit eye tracking observed in schizophrenia are largely due to impairments in predictive mechanisms [97][98][99][100]. The improved performance of schizophrenia patients compared to controls when tracking a target that changes direction unpredictably also suggests a weakening of prediction processes, i.e.…”

Section: Possible Phenomenological Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards integrating phenomenology and neurocognition: Possible neurocognitive correlates of basic self-disturbance in schizophrenia

Nelson

Sass

2017

Current Problems of Psychiatry

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Phenomenological research indicates that disturbance of the basic sense of self may be a core phenotypic marker of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Basic self-disturbance refers to disruption of the sense of ownership of experience and agency of action and is associated with a variety of anomalous subjective experiences. Little is known about the neurocognitive correlates of basic selfdisturbance. In this paper, we review recent phenomenological and neurocognitive research and point to a convergence of these approaches around the concept of self-disturbance. Specifically, we propose that subjective anomalies associated with basic selfdisturbance may be associated with: 1. source monitoring deficits, which may contribute particularly to disturbances of "ownership" and "mineness" (the phenomenological notion of presence) and 2. aberrant salience, and associated disturbances of memory, prediction, and attention processes, which may contribute to hyper-reflexivity, disturbed "grip" or "hold" on the perceptual and conceptual field, and disturbances of intuitive social understanding ("common sense"). These two streams of research are reviewed in turn before considering ways forward in integrative models, particularly regarding the role of early neurodevelopmental disturbances, primary versus secondary disturbances, and the state versus trait nature of such pathology. Empirical studies are required in a variety of populations in order to test the proposed associations between phenomenological and neurocognitive aspects of self-disturbance in schizophrenia. An integration of findings across the phenomenological and neurocognitive domains would represent a significant advance in the understanding of schizophrenia and possibly enhance early identification and intervention strategies.

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“…Furthermore, pursuit maintenance and, more specifically, predictive pursuit response are abnormal in FDRs of schizophrenia patients and probands, particularly those with schizotypal symptoms (Holzman et al 1974 ;Thaker et al 1998Thaker et al , 2003Avila et al 2006 ;Hong et al 2008), and are thought to mark psychosis liability . BD probands and their relatives also show pursuit abnormality similar to the relatives of schizophrenia probands (Rosenberg et al 1997 ;Kathmann et al 2003).…”

Section: Smooth Pursuit and Saccadic Eye Movement Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychoses: Cluster 3 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11

et al. 2009

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Carpenter, W. T. Jr.; Bustillo, J. R.; Thaker, G. K.; van Os, J.; Krueger, R. F.; and Green, M. J., ,"The psychoses: Cluster 3 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11." Psychological Medicine.39,12. 2025-2042 The psychoses: Cluster 3 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11 Background. In an effort to group mental disorders on the basis of etiology, five clusters have been proposed. Here we consider the validity of the cluster comprising selected psychotic and related disorders.Method. A group of diagnostic entities classified under schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders in DSM-IV-TR were assigned to this cluster and the bordering disorders, bipolar (BD) and schizotypal personality disorders (SPD), were included. We then reviewed the literature in relation to 11 validating criteria proposed by the DSM-V Task Force Study Group.Results. Relevant comparisons on the 11 spectrum criteria are rare for the included disorders except for schizophrenia and the two border conditions, BD and SPD. The core psychosis group is congruent at the level of shared psychotic psychopathology and response to antipsychotic medication. BD and SPD are exceptions in that psychosis is not typical in BD-II disorder and frank psychosis is excluded in SPD. There is modest similarity between schizophrenia and BD relating to risk factors, neural substrates, cognition and endophenotypes, but key differences are noted. There is greater support for a spectrum relationship of SPD and schizophrenia. Antecedent temperament, an important validator for other groupings, has received little empirical study in the various psychotic disorders.Conclusions. The DSM-IV-TR grouping of psychotic disorders is supported by tradition and shared psychopathology, but few data exist across these diagnoses relating to the 11 spectrum criteria. The case for including BD is modest, and the relationship of BD to other mood disorders is addressed elsewhere. Evidence is stronger for inclusion of SPD, but the relationship with other personality disorders along the 11 criteria is not addressed and the absence of psychosis presents a conceptual problem. There are no data along the 11 spectrum criteria that are decisive for a cluster based on etiology, and inclusion of BD and SPD is questionable.

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Refining the Predictive Pursuit Endophenotype in Schizophrenia

Cited by 47 publications

References 44 publications

Memory-Prediction Errors and Their Consequences in Schizophrenia

Memory-Prediction Errors and Their Consequences in Schizophrenia

Towards integrating phenomenology and neurocognition: Possible neurocognitive correlates of basic self-disturbance in schizophrenia

The psychoses: Cluster 3 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11

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