“…In addition, some researchers have examined practicum supervision and mentoring (Hastings & Squires, 2002;White & Le Cornu, 2002;Yarrow, Millwater, & Foster, 1996), efficacy of in-service TTC's (Yuen-Kwan, 1998), the application of teaching portfolios in TE (Berrill & Addison, 2010), and teachers' reflective practices (Clarke, 2004;McLaughlin & Hanifin, 1995;Risko, Vukelich, & Roskos, 2002;Schön, 1987). Perspectives on teacher evaluation, including the what, whos, and whys of TE (Smith, 2005), alternative paradigms of TE (Zeichner, 1983), teacher expertise (Tsu, 2005), and the knowledge-base of language TE (Freeman & Johnson, 1998 have also been investigated.…”