Reflection of the glacial‐interglacial cycle in the evolution of the Vistula river Basin, Poland

Abstract

A variety of factors has controlled the evolution of the Vistula river valley. They include climatically induced changes of the river runoff and sediment load, glacial advances and rapid variations of the base level, as well as the influence of the tectonic factor. The first-order climatic cycles are reflected in separate terrace fills. The second-order fluctuations may be represented by separate cuts and fills, by the 1965; D o b r a -b a szewski, 1971). During the Late Vistulian (13,OOO-10,OOO BP) and Holocene, incision followed and new sediment fills accumulated. internal structure, w h i c h may be illu-Saa Basin (Polish West Carpathians),

River terraces as a response to climatic forcing: Formation processes, sedimentary characteristics and sites for human occupation

“…Thus the erosion scars at the transition from the last glacial to the Holocene, together with the Holocene deposits, are well visible in the present-day valley morphology (Vandenberghe, 2008). Other examples are the Holocene terrace sequences of the Main river (central Germany : Schirmer, 1988), the Warta river (Poland: Kozarski, 1991) and Upper Vistula, San, Wisloka and Dniester rivers (Poland, Ukraine: Szuma nski, 1983;Kalicki, 1991;Starkel, 1981Starkel, , 1994Gebica et al, 2013). It may also typify situations of rivers leaving their valley to take another course during or immediately after a warm period (e.g.…”

Climatic and tectonic controls on the development of the River Ognon terrace system (eastern France)

“…The influence of climatic changes on the formation of river terraces has been demonstrated by numerous studies across Europe (Antoine, 1994;Starkel, 1994;Vandenberghe et al, 1994;Cordier et al, 2006;Antoine et al, 2007;Gibbard and Lewin, 2009). Typically, terraces sediments were deposited during glacial-interglacial cycles, with incision occurring at the transitions between warm and cold climate conditions.…”

Terasy Wetliny w Bieszczadach (Karpaty Wschodnie) – próba porównania ich hipsometrii, budowy i wieku z doliną górnego Sanu

“…W przejściowych okresach cykli przeważało erozyjne poszerzanie koryt (Dziewański, Starkel 1962, Starkel i in. 1999, Vanderberge 2002, Starkel 1994, jakkolwiek jest możliwe, że erozja boczna mogła postępować lokalnie także w okresach glacjalnych (Hancock, Anderson 2002). Jest także możliwe, że pokrywy żwirowe na niektórych terasach pochodzą z okresów interglacjalnych.…”