Reflection of VLF radio waves from an inhomogeneous ionosphere. Part I. Exponentially varying isotropic model

Wait, James R.; Walters, Lillie C.

doi:10.6028/jres.067d.039

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The actual ionosphere is, of course, much more complicated than the single slab model considered so far. Studies of ionosphere models with exponential ionization profiles, for instance, have revealed very complicated behavior of the reflection coefficient as a function of changes in the profile [Wait and Walters, 1963] . It is possible that such a configuration might produce, merely by interference between partially reflected rays, an interference pattern which has a maximum amplitude at any time.…”

Section: Analysis Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the eclipse of 20 july 1963 on VLF signals propagating over short paths

Crary¹,

Schneible²

1965

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN. SECT. D. RAD. SCI.

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Measurements were made at Hanover, N.H., of the effect of the solar eclipse of 20 July 1963 on the phase and amplitude of two VLF signals propagated over relatively short paths . The skywave signal from NAA, Cutler, Maine, (14.7 kc/s) was refle cted once from the D region at a point of total optical obscuration. The skywave signal from NSS, Annapolis, Md. , (22.3 kc/s) was reflected from a point where the maximum optical obscuration was 88 percent. Chan ges in the phase and amplitude of the signals during the eclipse range d from about 40 percen t to 100 percent of the diurnal variation. The times of the maximum phase and amplitude effects were used to c alculate effec tive recombina· tion coefficients for th e ionosp here. The maximum amplitude of VLF signals occurred before the time of maxi mum optical obscuration. This ca n be attributed to a specific so urce of ionizing radiation above the s un 's west limb, which would be uncov ered before the optical maximum. The calc ulate d effec tive reco mbination coeffi cient is about 2 X 10-5 . This value is closer to th e valu e of approximately 3 X 10-6 , calc ulated from theory by Crain [1961] for the nighttime ionosphere, than to Crain's daytime value. Most values of recombination coefficients from previous radio experim e nts are closer to Crai n's daytime values .

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Section: Analysis Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the eclipse of 20 july 1963 on VLF signals propagating over short paths

Crary¹,

Schneible²

1965

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN. SECT. D. RAD. SCI.

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“…Especially he obtained that the refractive index of the lower ionosphere is the reflection coefficient of the vertically polarized wave of by using hypergeometric function. Wait [3] obtained that the profile of lower ionosphere is exponential horizontally polarized reflection coefficient. Westcott [4] discussed the second-order differential equations of the electromagnetic wave with Bessel, Whittak function, hypergeometric function, and then he got the vertically polarized reflection coefficient of the corresponding profile outside of the index.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approximate solution for vertically polarized VLF/LF waves in lower ionosphere

Feng

Yankui

2012

Isape2012

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“…This is because, in these circumstances, the level of anomalous absorption is too far above the normal level of reflection to be significantly excited by "tunnel effect." Armed with figure 3, we may obtain the curves for vertical polarization in Wait and Walters (1963) (their fig. 3, continuous curves) by applying the theorem of this paper.…”

Section: Vertically Polarized Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, for profile (10), the reflection coefficient (ll) would apply for both polarizations. But Wait and Walters (1963), using a numerical method, have obtained for profile (10) somewhat different reflection coefficients for the two polarizations. They verify (ll) for horizontal polarization, but obtain a somewhat smaller value for vertical polarization (see their fig.…”

Section: Vertically Polarized Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theorem Concerning Reflection From a Plane Stratified Medium

1968

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Let a plane electromagnetic wave of wavelength>.. be incident in free spa_ce at an anlde of incidence i upon a medium that is stratified in horizontal planes. Let the squared complex refractive index be an analytic function of height, and consider height as a complex variable. By sliding the contour map of the analytic function parallel to the imaginary height axis a family of refractive index profiles is obtained along the real height axis. Let one member of the family correspond to a nonabsorbing medium, and let another typical member of the family be obtained by displacing the contour map of the analytic function a distance b in the direction of the negative imaginary height axis. Then the amplitude reftec· tion coefficient of the stratified medium is exp (-~b cos i), and the phase change on reflection is independent of b. This is true regardless of the precise form of the analytic function specifying the refractive index profiles. A function with singularities may be used, provided that the range of b is restricted to use only a region of the complex plane where the function is analytic.

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Reflection of VLF radio waves from an inhomogeneous ionosphere. Part I. Exponentially varying isotropic model

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of the eclipse of 20 july 1963 on VLF signals propagating over short paths

Effect of the eclipse of 20 july 1963 on VLF signals propagating over short paths

Approximate solution for vertically polarized VLF/LF waves in lower ionosphere

Theorem Concerning Reflection From a Plane Stratified Medium

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