“…Concerns have also been raised that border closures may increase smuggling of migrants ( Sarrica et al, 2020 ). COVID-19 may meanwhile pose a barrier to integration for migrants and refugees ( Falkenhain et al, 2020 ), for example due to the suspension and modification of resettlement schemes ( Brickhill-Atkinson and Hauck, 2020 , Rush, 2020 ), and education programmes ( Brickhill-Atkinson and Hauck, 2020 , Primdahl et al, 2020 , Mupenzi et al, 2020 , OECD 2020 , Silverman et al, 2020 ). Migrants who are particularly vulnerable may be disproportionality affected by the negative social impact of lockdown ( Zero and Geary, 2020 , Sabri et al, 2020 ).…”