A screening study was undertaken which involved 50 young offenders, serving sentences of various lengths, all from the largest young offenders' institution in Scotland. All 50 were screened for dyslexia and a number received a more detailed follow-up assessment. The results of the screening showed that 25 of the young offenders (50%) were dyslexic to some degree. This finding has implications for professionals, particularly in respect of follow-up assessment and support, and for politicians in relation to issues such as school experience, prison education and staff training. These issues are discussed here in relation to the background and results of the study.