“…Interesting is the comprehensive criticism of Chan (1996) who states that the monolithic and universal approach (1) does not account for internal differentiation, (2) presupposes a passive and automatic socialization process of new police officers, (3) treats the police organization apart from its specific social, political, legal, and organizational context and (4) leaves little scope for 20 cultural change. But also in the literature on private policing, sounds are heard of a segmented (Singh and Kempa, 2007) and context-bound (Manzo, 2004) occupational culture (see also : Micucci, 1998;Button, 2007b).…”