Reflections on universal basic income

McDonough, Brian; Morales, Jessie Bustillos

doi:10.4324/9781351106139-8

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…For instance, in the UK, social welfare support has been provided to those previously ineligible, including many self-employed, as well as wage support across large parts of the economy and different types of firms [2]. More generally, consideration might be given to a form of guaranteed minimum level of income (such as a negative income tax, or a guaranteed allowance or income support, see for instance, McDonough and Morales, 2020) for all people in a country, including those in precarious work or those losing their income due to a pandemic. However, this may require a revision of the concept of work and potential difficulties include low long-term levels of income, work-related incentives, the differences between individual's wealth and incomes, affordability, the effects on public expenditure and possible inequality effects if not accompanied by adequate other income support measures for those with greater needs (for example see: Simpson et al , 2017).…”

Section: Reducing Reliance On the Informal Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Employment in the informal economy: implications of the COVID-19 pandemic

Webb

McQuaid

Rand

2020

IJSSP

106

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PurposeAlthough the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic appears to disproportionately affect those in informal employment, they often receive less government support than the formally employed. This paper considers definitions of the informal economy and informal employment, explores the rationale for participating in the informal economy and reflects on some effects of the pandemic on these workers.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a narrative literature review with analysis of the selected academic and policy literature.FindingsThere are considerable short- and long-term implications of the pandemic for informal employment and the informal economy. This occurs against the background of unresolved tensions arising from informal workers' desire for more employment security and employers' striving for continued labour flexibility while transferring costs to government and workers. The COVID-19 pandemic might accelerate current trends and force new solutions to better protect basic work security while helping organisations to remain competitive. Government policies supporting work safety, income security, moves to formalisation of employment and fairness for informal employees are particularly important.Research limitations/implicationsAs statistical and qualitative evidence is currently limited, it is too early to identify the full effects of COVID-19 on employment in the informal economy.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that governments need to carefully consider explicit support for those in informal employment to create fair, resilient and ethical structures for workers, businesses, economies and wider societies.Social implicationsThe paper identifies some of the social implications of COVID-19 for the informal sector.Originality/valueThe analysis offers initial insights into the impacts of a major health, economic and social shock on informal working.

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Section: Reducing Reliance On the Informal Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Employment in the informal economy: implications of the COVID-19 pandemic

Webb

McQuaid

Rand

2020

IJSSP

106

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“…Another solution may be the provision of basic income (McDonough & Bustillos Morales, 2020;Sheahen, 2012). It would guarantee that even when left without work-related income, employees would continue to receive some unconditional income from the government (unlike social payments that are usually tight to specific conditions such as disability or have limited duration).…”

Section: Solutions To Automation Fearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automation fears: Drivers and solutions

Иванов

Kuyumdzhiev²,

Webster

2020

Technology in Society

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New technologies offer employers the ability to replace tasks done by human labour with those done by machines. There are challenges for both employers and employees, as employers look for strategies for the implementation of automation technologies and employees may have concerns about their employment being threatened by automation technologies. In this research, we analyse data of over 500 Bulgarians to learn about how they perceive the automation of their job. The analysis finds that there are segments of the population defined by demographics and attitudes that are more fearful of the automation of their jobs than others. Additionally, we see that attitudes towards the dehumanizing effects of automation, peer-pressure, job automatability, and a person's self-perception of professionalism are the main drivers of the fear of automation. Finally, the paper evaluates respondents' attitudes towards various individual, corporate and social solution to automation fears.

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“…A fear that a UBI would make people unwilling to seek employment has been often advanced in opposition to the program (McDonough & Morales, 2019). In this regard, Abhijit Banerjee, the 2019 Nobel Prize winner in Economic Sciences, has shown unaltered employment level among benefit beneficiaries (Abhijit et al, 2017(Abhijit et al, , 2019.…”

Section: Comparative Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, it raises domestic demand and consumption, leading to higher output and economic growth (Standing, 2020). Arguments against the UBI often include the program's cost or the risk of rising unemployment as people prefer to stop working, or a dangerous dependence between citizens and government (McDonough & Morales, 2019).…”

Section: The Current Global Trend On Ubimentioning

confidence: 99%

Poverty Relief Programs in Postcommunist Countries: A Case Study on the Albanian and Chinese Programs

Qejvanaj

2021

Sage Open

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Social assistance is a cash transfer program targeting the poorest households. China has created the Dibao (DB), meaning minimum livelihood guarantee, the most extensive unconditional cash transfer program globally with over 70 million people covered, whereas in Albania, the Ndhime Ekonomike (NE) meaning financial help covers around 15% of the total working-age population. Both programs are means-tested, have strict requirements for eligibility, and have been enlarged and modified in time to improve targeting and tackling leakage. In this article, we will look at similarities and common issues first, and then calculate the cost of enlarging both programs to all working-age population with no means-testing. We argue that a UBI (universal basic income) can increase private expenditure in health and education while costing less than 1% of gross domestic product (GDP) in both countries’ rural areas. We will conclude by looking at how the COVID-19 outbreak is pushing developing countries toward a UBI by first adopting a temporary basic income (TBI).

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Reflections on universal basic income

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Employment in the informal economy: implications of the COVID-19 pandemic

Employment in the informal economy: implications of the COVID-19 pandemic

Automation fears: Drivers and solutions

Poverty Relief Programs in Postcommunist Countries: A Case Study on the Albanian and Chinese Programs

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