Reflectivity and emissivity analysis of thermoplastic CFRP for optimising Xenon heating and thermographic measurements

Meister, Sebastian; Kolbe, Andreas; Groves, Roger M.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.106972

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Assuming thin layers of resin on the surface and between the fibers, this applies equally to CFRP components. Since the resin appears transparent in this case, its absorption is negligible compared to that of the fibers [7,55,56]. This characteristic is exploited in practice, especially in the laser processing of CFRP components.…”

Section: Optical Properties Of Cfrp Epoxy and Carbon Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transmittance of polymeric resins depends on the penetration depth and on the wavelength [7,53,54]. In addition, the angle of incidence as well as the refraction according to Fresnel's equation and Snell's law describe the transition between two media [54,56]. Following, a decrease in the absorption coefficient and corresponding increase in the transmittance with increasing wavelength can usually be observed in the range of about 350 nm ≤ 𝜆 L ≥ 2500 nm for resins [52,[57][58][59][60][61].…”

Section: Optical Properties Of Cfrp Epoxy and Carbon Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the observed reflections are a combined interaction of the different effects, e.g., multiple diffuse reflection, scattering, refraction, and partial absorption of the incoming rays, as well as the superposition of the rays reflected by the surfaces or intermediate layers. In the research the influence between inclination angle, polarization and fiber shape [53,55,66,67], the orientation to the fiber [56,68] as well as the structure of several fiber layers [44,53,55] is discussed. Depending on the application, it may be sufficient to estimate the behavior using empirical values [7,53,54].…”

Section: Optical Properties Of Cfrp Epoxy and Carbon Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensor-guided machining of large-scale CFRP components based on resin transfer molded features

Muth,

Carstensen,

Hintze

et al. 2023

Optical Measurement Systems for Industrial Inspection XIII

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Carbon fiber-reinforced Plastics (CFRP) are a key factor for achieving a carbon-neutral mobility sector due to their lightweight properties. Despite their near-net-shape manufacturing subsequent precision machining is required. In case of large-scale CFRP components, which are characterized by small quantities and low machining volumes, such processes are difficult to operate economically with conventional systems. Robotic systems offer a suitable solution. Their use in machining, however, requires additional measures to compensate for structural system limitations. In addition, individual deviations of the blanks require time-consuming measuring for referencing the machining system.To enable the use of cost-efficient robotic systems and to eliminate unproductive downtime for measuring, the intended manufacturing of CFRP components by Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) offers a new opportunity. RTM allows for the integration of defined features into the molding tool, which are reproduced inverted on the component and can be referenced by subsequent processes. This is utilized with adapted strategies for time-efficient measuring and high-precision machining.Fundamentals for the corresponding feature design as well as the selection of a suitable measuring device are presented. Focusing on laser-based sensors, the relationship between wavelength and (semi-)transparent surfaces is discussed and validated. Besides the metrological detection, production-specific aspects are also taken into account. Based on the gained knowledge, the main aspects of a proper sensor-feature combination are elaborated and prototypically realized. Finally, an outlook is provided on the challenges involved when implementing a robust algorithm for feature detection.

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Section: Optical Properties Of Cfrp Epoxy and Carbon Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optical Properties Of Cfrp Epoxy and Carbon Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optical Properties Of Cfrp Epoxy and Carbon Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sensor-guided machining of large-scale CFRP components based on resin transfer molded features

Muth,

Carstensen,

Hintze

et al. 2023

Optical Measurement Systems for Industrial Inspection XIII

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These systems have lower acquisition and operation costs, as well as safety requirements, while offering equal power as laser systems [46,47]. Research on flashlamp systems is currently limited to reflectivity and emissivity analyses of composites heated by those systems [48], thus benchmarking those systems for CF/PPS [49] or facilitating the development of heat transfer models for dry fiber and thermoplastic materials [46,50]. Pulsed operation of the flashlamp system can cause high levels of material temperature (above the thermal degradation threshold of the materials) [46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Flashlamp Heating System Parameters on the Wedge Peel Strength of Thermoplastic Carbon Fiber Tape in the Automated Tape Placement Process

Legenstein,

Fauster

2024

JMMP

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Laser-assisted automated tape placement systems are currently the state of the art regarding thermoplastic tape placement. Flashlamp heating systems are rather new in this field of application and offer high energy density with low safety requirements and moderate costs compared to laser-assisted automated tape placement systems. In this study, the effect of processing parameters on interlaminar bonding of carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 tapes is investigated using a flashlamp heating system. The temperature during placement is monitored using an infrared camera, and the bonding strength is characterized by a wedge peel test. The bonding quality of the tapes placed between 210 °C and 330 °C at a lay-up speed of 50 mm/s is investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and micrographs are used to investigate the material properties and effects of the processing conditions on the thermophysical properties and geometric properties of the tape. No significant changes in the thermophysical or geometric properties were found. Moisture within the tapes and staining of the quartz guides of the flashlamp system have significant influence on the bonding strength. The highest wedge peel strength of dried tapes was found at around 330 °C.

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Low emissivity thin film coating on glass fiber reinforced plastic used for cryogenic application

Kumar,

Vaghela,

Koshy

et al. 2024

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Reflectivity and emissivity analysis of thermoplastic CFRP for optimising Xenon heating and thermographic measurements

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Sensor-guided machining of large-scale CFRP components based on resin transfer molded features

Sensor-guided machining of large-scale CFRP components based on resin transfer molded features

Effect of Flashlamp Heating System Parameters on the Wedge Peel Strength of Thermoplastic Carbon Fiber Tape in the Automated Tape Placement Process

Low emissivity thin film coating on glass fiber reinforced plastic used for cryogenic application

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