Reforestation with four native tree species after abandoned gold mining in the Peruvian Amazon

Román-Dañobeytia, Francisco; Huayllani, Mijail; Michi, Anggela; Ibarra, F. P.; Loayza‐Muro, Raúl; Vázquez, Telésforo; Rodríguez, Liset; García, Mishari

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.09.075

Cited by 52 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Removal of topsoil associated with mining or bulldozing (Román‐Dañobeytia et al . ) severely restrict forest regrowth. Under these conditions, soil amelioration or topsoil amendments are needed to facilitate natural regeneration where surrounding seed sources are available (Parrotta & Knowles ).…”

Section: What Conditions Favor Natural Regeneration?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural regeneration as a tool for large‐scale forest restoration in the tropics: prospects and challenges

2016

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A major global effort to enable cost-effective natural regeneration is needed to achieve ambitious forest and landscape restoration goals. Natural forest regeneration can potentially play a major role in large-scale landscape restoration in tropical regions. Here, we focus on the conditions that favor natural regeneration within tropical forest landscapes. We illustrate cases where large-scale natural regeneration followed forest clearing and non-forest land use, and describe the social and ecological factors that drove these local forest transitions. The self-organizing processes that create naturally regenerating forests and natural regeneration in planted forests promote local genetic adaptation, foster native species with known traditional uses, create spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and sustain local biodiversity and biotic interactions. These features confer greater ecosystem resilience in the face of future shocks and disturbances. We discuss economic, social, and legal issues that challenge natural regeneration in tropical landscapes. We conclude by suggesting ways to enable natural regeneration to become an effective tool for implementing large-scale forest and landscape restoration. Major research and policy priorities include: identifying and modeling the ecological and economic conditions where natural regeneration is a viable and favorable land-use option, developing monitoring protocols for natural regeneration that can be carried out by local communities, and developing enabling incentives, governance structures, and regulatory conditions that promote the stewardship of naturally regenerating forests. Aligning restoration goals and practices with natural regeneration can achieve the best possible outcome for achieving multiple social and environmental benefits at minimal cost.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material. Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.

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Section: What Conditions Favor Natural Regeneration?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural regeneration as a tool for large‐scale forest restoration in the tropics: prospects and challenges

2016

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“…Another significant result from this study is that biochar plus fertilizer showed a large and significant increase in plant performance, even though the fertilizer and biochar was only applied once at the beginning of the experiment. In their yearly assessment of native species growth in Peruvian abandoned artisanal gold mining areas, Román-Dañobeytia et al [46] found that the addition of biofertilizer (a macro-and micronutrient-rich solution resulting from the fermentation of organic material and minerals [46]) at a rate of 55 and 555 L/ha significantly increased seedling monthly growth in height and diameter. However, biofertilizer application took place every 15 days for the first 6 months, while the growth increase witnessed in this study relied on a single application of fertilizers at the time of transplant.…”

Section: Plant Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar Effects on Two Tropical Tree Species and Its Potential as a Tool for Reforestation

Lefebvre¹,

Román-Dañobeytia

Soete

et al. 2019

Forests

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Research Highlights: We find that biochar plus fertilizer has synergistic and positive effects on seedling growth and robustness, but slightly lowers early seedling survival. Biochar plus fertilizer has the potential to greatly decrease costs associated with afforestation as compared to traditional fertilization and gives better results. Background and Objectives: Biochar can improve soil fertility and plant yield in crops. However, there is little information regarding the effects of biochar on trees, even though reforestation/afforestation projects are increasing and are often unsuccessful due to soil fertility limitations. This study aims to increase knowledge of biochar use as a reforestation tool. Materials and Methods: We measured survival and growth in an early ((Guazuma crinita Mart. [n = 240])) and a late (Terminalia amazonia (J.F. Gmel.) Exell. [n = 240]) successional species under 6 different biochar treatments in a 6-month nursery experiment. Results: (i) Survival was highest in the 1 t/ha biochar treatment, while treatments containing fertilizers or biochar at 5 t/ha lowered the survival rate of both species compared to the control; (ii) simultaneous addition of biochar and fertilizer lead to significant increases in height, diameter, total number of leaves, and aboveground and belowground biomass of both species as compared to other treatments; (iii) biochar treatment containing 1 t/ha with and without fertilizer showed significantly better results than applications of 5 t/ha; and (iv) Guazuma crinita responded more strongly to treatments containing biochar and fertilizers compared to Terminalia amazonia, which is suggestive of greater synergetic effects of biochar and fertilizer addition on early successional tree species. Conclusions: Applying biochar and fertilizer is synergistic and outperforms any single treatment, as well as the control, in terms of plant performance. This case study suggests that biochar can greatly improve reforestation/afforestation projects by increasing plant performance while substantially reducing fertilizer and labor maintenance costs. Field experiments and testing of additional species is needed to generalize the findings.

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“…B) the abandoned mining was approximately 18650 m 2 . Soils after mining had occurred in this region are characterized by their high sand content (1.7 times more sand than the soil from the adjacent forest), high pH (1.2 times higher) and poor content of silt and clay (4.9 and 2.3 less, respectively) [30]. With the exception of some bamboo and shrubs, the abandoned mining area was characterized by grasses, bare soils, tailings and water ponds.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…between 800 and 1000 chupaderas or hydraulic jets in the Department of Madre de Dios in 2011 [45]) could pose a threat to the ecological integrity and wildlife wellbeing of this tropical forest [45]. In addition to the effects of noise pollution, habitat disturbance caused by mining activities in this region can have long-term effects given the absence of natural regeneration [30]. Given that gold mining is likely to continue to increase there is an urgent need to investigate further the impacts of gold mining on terrestrial wildlife, including the effects caused by soil denudation, chemical pollution, and the different types of noise pollution generated by mining operations.…”

Section: Implications For Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Small-Scale Gold Mining on Birds and Anurans Near the Tambopata Natural Reserve, Peru, Assessed Using Passive Acoustic Monitoring

Álvarez-Berríos

Campos‐Cerqueira

Hernández-Serna

et al. 2016

Tropical Conservation Science

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Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASM) is becoming a significant cause of environmental degradation in tropical ecosystems. In this study, we conducted a rapid assessment on the impact of an ASM gold mine on the vocalizing avian and anuran communities in the buffer zone of the Tambopata National Reserve in Peru. We used seven audio recorders (three near an active mine, two in an abandoned mine, and two in an adjacent forest) to collect 2900 recordings to generate soundscapes and compare acoustic activity patterns of birds and anurans among sites. We identified 56 bird species during the morning chorus (05:00-07:00) and 9 anurans species in the evening chorus (18:00-20:00). Bird species richness was similar between the forest (28 bird species), the abandoned mine (25 species) and the active mine (24 species), but species richness of birds sensitive to disturbance was much lower in the active mine. In contrast, anuran species richness was highest in the active mine (5 species) and lowest in the forest (2 species). Results indicate that acoustic monitoring and soundscape analysis can be effective tools for evaluating the impact of mining activities on vocalizing species, and could become useful tools in rapid environmental impact assessments for mitigation and conservation strategies in ASM mining regions.Key words: Soundscapes, passive acoustic monitoring, mining, Madre de Dios, biodiversity rapid assessment Resumen La extracción aurífera artesanal y en pequeña escala (ASM por sus siglas en inglés) se está convirtiendo en una causa importante de degradación ambiental en los ecosistemas tropicales. En este estudio, se llevo a cabo una evaluación rápida del impacto de una mina de oro artesanal en las comunidades de aves y de anuros en la Zona de Amortiguamiento de la Reserva Nacional de Tambopata en el Perú. Se usaron siete grabadoras de audio (tres cerca de una mina activa, dos en una mina abandonada, y dos en un bosque adyacente) para recoger 2900 grabaciones de paisajes sonoros y poder generar y comparar los patrones de actividad acústica entre sitios mediante la identificación de sus vocalizaciones. Se identificaron 56 especies de aves durante el coro de la mañana (5:00-7:00) y 9 especies de anuros en el coro de la noche (18:00-20:00). La riqueza de especies de aves fue similar entre el bosque (28 especies de aves), la mina abandonada (25 especies) y la mina activa (24 especies), pero la riqueza de especies de aves sensibles a la perturbación fue mucho menor en la mina activa. Por el contrario, la riqueza de especies de anuros fue mayor en la mina activa (5 especies) y más baja en el bosque (2 especies). Los resultados indican que el monitoreo acústico y el análisis sonoro pueden ser herramientas eficaces para evaluar el impacto de las actividades mineras sobre las especies que vocalizan, y podrían llegar a ser herramientas útiles en las evaluaciones rápidas de impacto ambiental y en las estrategias de mitigación y conservación de biodiversidad en las regiones de minería artesanal.Palabras clave: Pa...

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Reforestation with four native tree species after abandoned gold mining in the Peruvian Amazon

Cited by 52 publications

References 32 publications

Natural regeneration as a tool for large‐scale forest restoration in the tropics: prospects and challenges

Natural regeneration as a tool for large‐scale forest restoration in the tropics: prospects and challenges

Biochar Effects on Two Tropical Tree Species and Its Potential as a Tool for Reforestation

Impacts of Small-Scale Gold Mining on Birds and Anurans Near the Tambopata Natural Reserve, Peru, Assessed Using Passive Acoustic Monitoring

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