Reform of hospital financing in Austria: successes, failures, and the way forward

Theurl, Engelbert

doi:10.1007/s10198-014-0641-1

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Pharmaceuticals that are part of inpatient treatments are free for patients with social health insurance coverage. Their costs are included in the DRG-based hospital remuneration system [ 29 , 30 ]. Pharmaceuticals that are part of outpatient treatments provided by GPs/specialists having a contract with the social health insurance system are basically free if they are included in the positive list of the Reimbursement Code.…”

Section: The Policy Setting Of Pharmaceutical Consumption In Austriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-of-pocket expenditures for pharmaceuticals: lessons from the Austrian household budget survey

Sanwald

Theurl

2016

Eur J Health Econ

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BackgroundPaying pharmaceuticals out of pocket is an important source of financing pharmaceutical consumption. Only limited empirical knowledge is available on the determinants of these expenditures.ObjectivesIn this article we analyze which characteristics of private households influence out-of-pocket pharmaceutical expenditure (OOPPE) in Austria.Design and methodsWe use cross-sectional information on OOPPE and household characteristics provided by the Austrian household budget survey 2009/10. We split pharmaceutical expenditures into the two components prescription fees and over-the-counter (OTC) expenditures. To adjust for the specific characteristics of the data, we compare different econometric approaches: a two-part model, hurdle model, generalized linear model and zero-inflated negative binomial regression model.FindingsThe finally selected econometric approaches give a quite consistent picture. The probability of expenditures of both types is strongly influenced by the household structure. It increases with age, doctoral visits and the presence of a female householder. The education level and income only increase the probability of OTC pharmaceuticals. The level of OTC expenditures remains widely unexplained while the household structure and age influence the expenditures for prescription fees. Insurance characteristics of private households, either private or public, play a minor role in explaining the expenditure levels in all specifications. This refers to a homogeneous and comprehensive provision of pharmaceuticals in the public part of the Austrian health care system.ConclusionsThe article gives useful insights into the determinants of pharmaceutical expenditures of private households and supplements the previous research that focuses on the individual level.

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Section: The Policy Setting Of Pharmaceutical Consumption In Austriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-of-pocket expenditures for pharmaceuticals: lessons from the Austrian household budget survey

Sanwald

Theurl

2016

Eur J Health Econ

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“…general practitioners, therapists, service providers). The aim is to organize the patient-centered, nursing-related and interdisciplinary organization of the in-patient facilities, which had previously operated in isolation, within the framework of regional supply networks, or to link them together [4,5].…”

Section: In-patient Hospital Care In Austriamentioning

confidence: 99%

The requirements and applications of autonomous mobile robotics (AMR) in hospitals from the perspective of nursing officers

Kriegel

Rissbacher

Reckwitz

et al. 2021

International Journal of Healthcare Management

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“…It has repeatedly been pointed out that the split of power between the outpatient and inpatient sector concerning regulation, planning and financing, impedes reforms and policies that aim to decrease inefficiencies at the interface of both sectors [22,[24][25][26]. Avoidable hospitalisations are one of these inefficiencies, and, as described above, can be related to the supply (distribution) of services and to demand-side characteristics of the population.…”

Section: Financingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inefficiencies in a healthcare system with a regulatory split of power: a spatial panel data analysis of avoidable hospitalisations in Austria

Renner

2019

Eur J Health Econ

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Despite generous universal social health insurance with little formal restrictions of outpatient utilisation, Austria exhibits high rates of avoidable hospitalisations, which indicate the inefficient provision of primary healthcare and might be a consequence of the strict regulatory split between the Austrian inpatient and outpatient sector. This paper exploits the considerable regional variations in acute and chronic avoidable hospitalisations in Austria to investigate whether those inefficiencies in primary care are rather related to regional healthcare supply or to population characteristics. To explicitly account for interregional dependencies, spatial panel data methods are applied to a comprehensive administrative dataset of all hospitalisations from 2008 to 2013 in the 117 Austrian districts. The initial selection of relevant covariates is based on Bayesian model averaging. The results of the analysis show that supply-side variables, such as the number of general practitioners, are significantly associated with decreased chronic and acute avoidable hospitalisations, whereas characteristics of the regional population, such as the share of population with university education or long-term unemployed, are less relevant. Furthermore, the spatial error term indicates that there are significant spatial dependencies between unobserved characteristics, such as practice style or patients' utilization behaviour. Not accounting for those would result in omitted variable bias.

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Reform of hospital financing in Austria: successes, failures, and the way forward

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Out-of-pocket expenditures for pharmaceuticals: lessons from the Austrian household budget survey

Out-of-pocket expenditures for pharmaceuticals: lessons from the Austrian household budget survey

The requirements and applications of autonomous mobile robotics (AMR) in hospitals from the perspective of nursing officers

Inefficiencies in a healthcare system with a regulatory split of power: a spatial panel data analysis of avoidable hospitalisations in Austria

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