Reform of how health care is paid for in China: challenges and opportunities

Hu, Shanlian; Tang, Shenglan; Liu, Yuanli; Zhao, Yang; Escobar, Maria-Luisa; Ferranti, David de

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61368-9

Cited by 384 publications

(335 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Some studies reported that immigrants have higher health risks because of lack of healthcare access, poor living and working environments, and a lack of social support (Gong et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2008aHu et al, , 2008b. Based on household survey data from Beijing in 2009, Chen (2011) suggested that the healthy-migrant phenomenon existed only for the physical health of rural-urban migrants but not for the mental health of the immigrants, which is worse than the local urban citizens.…”

Section: Health Migration and Settlementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, because migration experience influences both the physical and mental health of rural-urban migrants (Chen, 2011;Gong et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2008aHu et al, , 2008b, we could expect that the association between health and the urban-settlement intentions of rural-urban migrants may be moderated by their duration of stay in an urban setting. In addition, physical health and mental health may mutually affect each other.…”

Section: Health Migration and Settlementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of health on urban-settlement intention of rural-urban migrants in China

et al. 2017

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A R T I C L E I N F O Keywords:Physical health Mental health Urban-settlement intention Rural-urban migrant China A B S T R A C T Previous studies have not paid enough attention to the effect of health on urban-settlement intention of ruralurban migrants in China. Using survey data from the Rural Urban Migration in China project, this article examines how self-rated physical and mental health influence rural-urban migrants' intention to settle down in cities. First, the results show that both self-rated physical and mental health are significant factors influencing the migrants' intention to permanently move to cities. Second, the effect of physical health on rural-urban migrants' intentions to permanently reside in cities can be moderated by their length of urban residence. Third, the impact of health on rural-urban migrants' urban-settlement intention shows no generational differences. According to the research findings, this paper discusses how urban-settlement intention of rural-urban migrants based on health selection might impair urbanization, exacerbate health disparity between the rural and urban areas, and aggravate the burden on healthcare system in rural areas of China in the long run.

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Section: Health Migration and Settlementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Health Migration and Settlementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of health on urban-settlement intention of rural-urban migrants in China

et al. 2017

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“…5 The Medical Insurance for Urban Residents scheme (MIUR) is for urban residents who are not covered by the MIUE and is co-financed by enrolees and local government. 6 The New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) is a voluntary programme based on cost sharing between government and farmers and covers mostly inpatient services and a few outpatient services. 7 However, despite China's great strides in health insurance coverage, 4,8 in a more comprehensive sense such coverage is not universal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment from medical expenses in China: policy implications of universal health insurance

Xu³

et al. 2012

Bull World Health Org

368

408

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“…However, these studies were generally limited to single sites or centers located predominantly in urban areas and examined single points in time, warranting a national perspective on sex differences in clinical presentation and quality of care in China 12, 13. Moreover, given that women are older than men at the time of an AMI,3, 15 it remains unknown whether these differences could be explained by age or how sex‐based differences have changed over the last decade during improved access and healthcare quality in China 16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Clinical Profiles and Quality of Care Among Patients With ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction From 2001 to 2011: Insights From the China Patient‐Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE)‐Retrospective Study

Du¹,

Spatz²,

Dreyer

et al. 2016

JAHA

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BackgroundChina is experiencing a marked increase in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction hospitalizations, with 30% occurring among women and higher risk of in‐hospital death in relatively younger age groups (<70). Yet, little is known about sex differences in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction presentation and management.Methods and ResultsIn a nationally representative sample of patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction admitted to 162 Chinese hospitals in 2001, 2006, and 2011, we examined sex differences in hospitalization rates, clinical profiles, and quality of care. Among 11 986 patients, the proportion of women was unchanged between 2001 and 2011. The estimated national rates of hospital admission per 100 000 people increased from 4.6 in 2001 to 18.0 in 2011 among men (3.9‐fold increase) and from 1.9 to 8.0 among women (4.2‐fold increase) (P trend<0.0001). The median age of women increased from 68 years in 2001 to 72 years in 2011 (P trend<0.001); however, there was no age change in men (63 years in 2011) (P trend=0.48). After accounting for age, women had a higher frequency of comorbidities. Although there were significant sex differences in the time interval of >12 hours between symptom onset and admission time in 2001, since 2006 delays in presentation were comparable between women and men. Fewer women without contraindications received evidence‐based therapies than men, including reperfusion (57.5% versus 44.2%), early aspirin (88.8% versus 85.9%), and clopidogrel (56.9% versus 52.5%, P<0.001 for all) and the differences were largely unchanged over time.ConclusionsWomen experienced a higher increase in hospitalization rates for ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction in China between 2001 and 2011 and were less likely to receive evidence‐based therapies, especially reperfusion. In addition to efforts to improve quality of care generally, understanding the reasons for this sex disparity and addressing these differences in care should be a priority.Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01624883.

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Reform of how health care is paid for in China: challenges and opportunities

Cited by 384 publications

References 14 publications

The effect of health on urban-settlement intention of rural-urban migrants in China

The effect of health on urban-settlement intention of rural-urban migrants in China

Factors affecting catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment from medical expenses in China: policy implications of universal health insurance

Sex Differences in Clinical Profiles and Quality of Care Among Patients With ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction From 2001 to 2011: Insights From the China Patient‐Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE)‐Retrospective Study

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