Refractive Errors and Amblyopia in Children Entering School: Shahrood, Iran

Jamali, Payman; Fotouhi, Akbar; Hashemi, Hassan; Younesian, Masud; Jafari, Alireza

doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e3181993f42

Cited by 75 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…23 Strabismus was found in 2.37% of children in our study compared to 2.5% in a Turkish study, 24 and 1.2% in an Iranian study. 25 Children already known to have strabismus as well as those presenting with manifest squint during our examination were recorded. None of the children were occluded in search for intermittent exotropia, hence, we believe the reported rate of strabismus in the current study was underestimated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Visual Impairment and Refractive Errors in Children of South Sinai, Egypt

Yamamah

Alim

Mostafa

et al. 2015

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Visual Impairment and Refractive Errors in Children of South Sinai, Egypt

Yamamah

Alim

Mostafa

et al. 2015

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

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“…Myopia occurs at a similar rate (15% to 22.2%) in adult populations [29][30][31][32][33][34] . Other ocular diseases occur at a lower rate in the general population including amblyopia (0.8-3%) 30,[35][36][37] and strabismus (0.8-3.3%) 30,35,36,38 . Clinically significant visual acuity deficit is therefore an unlikely consequence of transient subfoveal fluid just after birth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subfoveal fluid in healthy full-term newborns observed by handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography

Cabrera¹,

O’Connell²,

Toth³

et al. 2012

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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Purpose-To report retinal findings for healthy newborn infants imaged with hand held Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT). Design-Prospective observational case series.Methods-Thirty-nine full term newborn infants had dilated retinal examinations by indirect ophthalmoscopy and retinal imaging by handheld SD-OCT, without sedation, at the Duke Birthing Center.Results-Of the 39 infants imaged, 44% (17/39) were male. Race/ethnicity composition was 56% white, 38% black, 3% Asian, and 3% Hispanic. Median gestational age was 39 weeks (range 36 to 41). Six of the 39 infants (15%) had bilateral subfoveal fluid on SD-OCT not seen by indirect ophthalmoscopy. Eight infants (21%) had retinal hemorrhages noted on dilated retinal examination, 1 of which had subretinal fluid on SD-OCT. Subretinal fluid was noted on follow up examination to have resolved on SD-OCT 1 to 4 months later. Infants with bilateral subretinal fluid had an older gestational age compared to infants without subretinal fluid (median 40.4 vs. 39.1 weeks, respectively, P=0.03) and were more likely to have had mothers with diabetes (2/6 vs. 0/33, respectively, P=0.02). Vaginal versus C-section delivery was not significantly different between the two groups.Conclusions-Some healthy full term infants have bilateral subfoveal fluid not obvious on dilated retinal examination. This fluid resolves within several months. The visual significance of this finding is unknown, but clinicians should be aware it is common when evaluating newborn infants for retinal pathology using SD-OCT.

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“…Those studies revealed a relatively higher morbidity of myopia in some East Asian countries. The difference was found to be greater if preschool and school age children were evaluated (table 2) [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]. Studies on schoolchildren in Hong Kong and medical students in Singapore even revealed extremely high prevalences of 82% and 90% [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axial Length of Myopia: A Review of Current Research

Wang

Butterworth²,

Malecaze³

et al. 2010

Ophthalmologica

180

135

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Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a worldwide common type of refractive error. It is a non-life-threatening disorder with huge social and economic consequences due to its increasing prevalence. Axial length (AL) is the primary determinant of non-syndromic myopia. It is a parameter representing the combination of anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and vitreous chamber depth of the eye. AL can also be treated as an endophenotype of myopia and may provide extra advantages in the investigation of its genetic basis. The study of AL will not only identify the determinants of eye elongation, but also provide aetiological evidence for myopia. The purpose of this review is to outline the current state of AL research. Epidemiological evidence, genetic determinants, the relationship with other eye components and relative animal models of AL are summarised.

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Refractive Errors and Amblyopia in Children Entering School: Shahrood, Iran

Cited by 75 publications

References 16 publications

Prevalence of Visual Impairment and Refractive Errors in Children of South Sinai, Egypt

Prevalence of Visual Impairment and Refractive Errors in Children of South Sinai, Egypt

Subfoveal fluid in healthy full-term newborns observed by handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography

Axial Length of Myopia: A Review of Current Research

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