Refractive Index, Surface Tension, and Density of Aqueous Mixtures of Carboxylic Acids at 298.15 K

Abstract

Refractive indices (n), densities (F), and surface tensions (σ) for {formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, or butyric acid + water} mixtures at 298.15 K and normal atmospheric pressure have been determined as a function of mole fractions. From the experimental data, excess molar volumes (V E ) and deviations of refractive index from linear behavior (∆n φ ) have been calculated. The magnitude of these experimental quantities is discussed in terms of nature and type of intermolecular interactions in binary mixtures. Besides, the interpretation of the ratio of molar volume to molar refraction V/R as a measure of the degree of free volume appears to be a useful tool for qualitative considerations concerning volumetric and refractometric data. To analyze the behavior of surface tensions, the Extended Langmuir (EL) model was used.

Comparison of Methods for Predicting the Compositional Dependence of the Density and Refractive Index of Organic–Aqueous Aerosols

“…Table S1. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] The organic species considered included alcohols, nitriles, carboxylic acids, diols, sulphoxides, amides, ethers and polyols. As the molar refraction mixing rule requires knowledge of mixture density in order to predict RI, data sets were selected based on the availability of paired measurements of RI and density for each different mass fraction of the water/organic mixture.…”

Fabrication and application of coaxial polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan nanofiber membranes

“…As shown in Table 2, surface tension of various PVA and chitosan solutions decreased while the concentrations of PVA and chitosan increased. The use of acetic acid solution at higher concentrations also decreased the surface tension of chitosan solutions, since the surface tension of pure acetic acid (27.08 mN/m) [25] is lower than that of pure water (71.97 mN/m). As for theconductivity of solutions, increasing the concentrations of PVA and chitosan improved the conductivity of solutions, especially for chitosan (Table 2).…”

A proposed equation of correlation for the study of thermodynamic properties (density, viscosity, surface tension and refractive index) of liquid binary mixtures

“…In order to confirm the validity of the proposed equation of correlation, 18 files from a recent literature review were taken [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] (Tables 1-4) in which the density, viscosity, surface tension and refractive index of different binary mixtures of liquids are studied at atmospheric pressure and over different temperature ranges-comparing the experimental values of these magnitudes with those obtained on using the proposed equation, the polynomial equation of Redlich-Kister with the same Table 3 Components of the mixtures used in the reference files for fitting surface tension.…”