Refractivity of combustion gases

Correlation of optical emission and turbulent length scale in a coaxial jet diffusion flame

“…The values of R Gi for each species are taken from [38]. Because the refraction angle is very small (as shown later), the rays along which the refraction of light is computed are assumed to be straight lines.…”

Preliminary experiment of supersonic micro-channel gas flow visualization by using Interferometer

“…The length, width, and depth of the channel are 6000, 235, and 500μm, respectively. This channel depth corresponds to the optical path in the experiment and determined from the Gladstone-Dale relationship as shown in the following equations (Gardiner et al, 1981), Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus and photograph of the micro-channel.…”

“…(1). The working fluid was air, therefore, Gladstone-Dale constant of 6.689 (Gardiner et al, 1981) was used. The temperature of air was assumed as 300 K. Then, the fringe number N was calculated from Eq.…”

Development of a Raman spectroscopy technique to detect alternate transportation fuel hydrocarbon intermediates in complex combustion environments.

“…For this routine, the measured effective Rayleigh cross-section was computed from equation 3.1. This value was then correlated to the computed effective Rayleigh cross-section from equation 1.2 with the mixture composition obtained from the CHEMKIN PRO simulation results and the species specific Rayleigh cross-sections obtained from either Table 1 for the hydrocarbons or Gardiner et al [61] for all other species. Spectra from each of the 5,000 images each with 20 strips of data (for a total of up to 100,000 samples overall) were grouped into 20 K temperature bins and conditionally averaged together.…”