Refractory pituitary adenomas: preface

Geer, Eliza B.

doi:10.1007/s11102-023-01330-7

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…The European Society of Endocrinology (ESE) Clinical Practice Guidelines define aggressive PitNETs as tumors that are invasive and grow at an unusually rapid rate, or progress in spite of standard treatment (surgery, conventional medical therapies, and radiotherapy) [ 41 ]. While a consensus on the definition of treatment-refractory behavior has not been reached [ 18 ], aggressiveness as defined by the ESE incorporates a key feature of treatment-refractory behavior (progression despite standard interventions). For this reason, a PitNET that progresses on imaging following surgery, conventional medical therapies, and radiotherapy should be considered both aggressive and treatment-refractory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide loss of heterozygosity predicts aggressive, treatment-refractory behavior in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors

Lin,

Rudneva,

Richards

et al. 2024

Acta Neuropathol

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Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) exhibiting aggressive, treatment-refractory behavior are the rare subset that progress after surgery, conventional medical therapies, and an initial course of radiation and are characterized by unrelenting growth and/or metastatic dissemination. Two groups of patients with PitNETs were sequenced: a prospective group of patients (n = 66) who consented to sequencing prior to surgery and a retrospective group (n = 26) comprised of aggressive/higher risk PitNETs. A higher mutational burden and fraction of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was found in the aggressive, treatment-refractory PitNETs compared to the benign tumors (p = 1.3 × 10−10 and p = 8.5 × 10−9, respectively). Within the corticotroph lineage, a characteristic pattern of recurrent chromosomal LOH in 12 specific chromosomes was associated with treatment-refractoriness (occurring in 11 of 14 treatment-refractory versus 1 of 14 benign corticotroph PitNETs, p = 1.7 × 10−4). Across the cohort, a higher fraction of LOH was identified in tumors with TP53 mutations (p = 3.3 × 10−8). A machine learning approach identified loss of heterozygosity as the most predictive variable for aggressive, treatment-refractory behavior, outperforming the most common gene-level alteration, TP53, with an accuracy of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.70–0.96). Aggressive, treatment-refractory PitNETs are characterized by significant aneuploidy due to widespread chromosomal LOH, most prominently in the corticotroph tumors. This LOH predicts treatment-refractoriness with high accuracy and represents a novel biomarker for this poorly defined PitNET category.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide loss of heterozygosity predicts aggressive, treatment-refractory behavior in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors

Lin,

Rudneva,

Richards

et al. 2024

Acta Neuropathol

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Everolimus in pituitary tumor: a review of preclinical and clinical evidence

Yao,

Chen

2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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Although pituitary tumors (PTs) are mostly benign, some PTs are characterized by low surgical resection rates, high recurrence rates, and poor response to conventional treatments and profoundly affect patients’ quality of life. Everolimus (EVE) is the only FDA-approved mTOR inhibitor, which can be used for oral treatment. It effectively inhibits tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. It has been administered for various neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive tract, lungs, and pancreas. EVE not only suppresses the growth and proliferation of APT cells but also enhances their sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This review introduces the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the development of APTs, comprehensively explores the current status of preclinical and clinical research of EVE in APTs, and discusses the blood-brain barrier permeability and safety of EVE.

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Refractory pituitary adenomas: preface

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Genome-wide loss of heterozygosity predicts aggressive, treatment-refractory behavior in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors

Genome-wide loss of heterozygosity predicts aggressive, treatment-refractory behavior in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors

Everolimus in pituitary tumor: a review of preclinical and clinical evidence

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