Refracture of the Forearm in Children

Schwarz, Nicolas T.; Pienaar, Simon; Schwarz, Angelika

doi:10.1097/00004694-199703000-00075

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Besides excellent clinical results after both techniques, the following complications have all been reported: refracture, synostosis, malunion, nonunion, infection, compartment syndrome, nerve injury, and poor cosmesis. 4,[13][14][15][29][30][31] In our study, both surgical techniques achieved similar clinical outcomes. However, intramedullary Kirschner wiring was a better treatment for unstable forearm fractures in skeletally immature patients older than 10 years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Open Intramedullary Kirschner Wire versus Screw and Plate Fixation for Unstable Forearm Fractures in Children

Köse

Deniz

Yanık

et al. 2008

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)

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Purpose.To compare the outcomes of intramedullary Kirschner wire versus screw and plate fixation for unstable forearm fractures in children aged older than 10 years. Methods. Records of 32 children aged 10 to 15 (mean, 12) years with displaced fractures of the radius and ulna were retrospectively reviewed. 17 boys and 4 girls underwent intramedullary Kirschner wiring, whereas 10 boys and one girl underwent plating. All patients had been initially treated with closed reduction and casting. Indications for surgical intervention were fractures with angulation of >10° and total displacement. Patients were followed up for a mean of 24 (range, 13-40) easier hardware removal, and lower implant costs. Conclusion. Intramedullary Kirschner wiring is a better option than plating for the treatment of unstable forearm fractures in older children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Open Intramedullary Kirschner Wire versus Screw and Plate Fixation for Unstable Forearm Fractures in Children

Köse

Deniz

Yanık

et al. 2008

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)

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“…Therefore, given that these fractures are relatively unstable, and despite the fact that our study shows no displacement of this type of fracture in case, we recommend radiographic follow-up 2 weeks after the start of treatment. Our study and others show that full healing generally occurs within 4-6 weeks [16,17]. In our opinion, if clinical examination after cast removal shows no signs of malunion-clinical appearance of deformity of the fractured forearm compared with the contralateral forearmradiographic examination is unnecessary.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Are frequent radiographs necessary in the management of closed forearm fractures in children?

Chen

Katz

Weigl

et al. 2008

Journal of Children's Orthopaedics

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Introduction A prospective pooled case series was used to assess the value of frequent radiographic examinations during treatment of closed forearm fractures in children from major university pediatric medical centers in Israel and China. Methods The sample consisted of 202 consecutive children (mean age 7 years; range 3-12 years) with closed forearm fractures treated nonoperatively. Children with open, growth-plate fractures or fractures associated with dislocation of the nearby joint (i.e., monteggia fractures) were excluded. In 28 children who had torus fractures, radiographic examination was performed at the time of cast removal, 3 weeks after the start of treatment. In 63 children who had stable fractures that did not require reduction (undisplaced or minimally displaced, complete or greenstick), radiographic examination was performed 1 week after the start of treatment and again at cast removal 4-6 weeks later. In the remaining 111 children with complete, displaced, or greenstick fractures (all with angulation of more than 15°) who underwent closed reduction, an additional X-ray was taken 2 weeks after cast placement. All children (except those with torus fractures) were followed clinically, without further radiographic examination, for 3 months after cast removal. Results Radiographs at cast removal showed good union in all stable fractures, indicating that additional X-rays on cast removal would have had no added value. In the children with unstable fractures, only 9 showed redisplacement with angulation of more than 15°on repeated X-rays during the first 2 weeks after cast placement. All 9 underwent successful re-reduction. On clinical evaluation 3 months after cast removal, all patients in the sample had full range of elbow and forearm motion. Repeated fracture did not occur in any of the patients. Conclusions On the basis of these results, radiographs are recommended 2 weeks after cast placement for greenstick or complete fractures. At the time of cast removal, if clinical examination does not show signs of nonunion or malalignment, no radiographic examination is necessary.

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“…An important result of the Hauschildt PHOENIX models is that they support mass ejection and a wind that can have solar element abundances because the line features are often more sensitive to non-LTE effects and the assumed density distribution than to abundances (Hauschildt et al 1997). This was demonstrated in the analysis of nova OS And/1986 by Schwarz et al (1997), who modeled its 'Fe II' spectrum successfully with solar abundances. Kato & Hachisu (2009 have conducted studies of the photospheric regions of novae in which they consider the hydrodynamics of the emitting gas as it transitions from a static to an optically thick wind geometry.…”

Section: Current Spectral Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

ORIGIN OF THE “He/N” AND “Fe II” SPECTRAL CLASSES OF NOVAE

Williams

2012

The Astronomical Journal

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Abstract. The spectra of postoutburst novae display either He+N or Fe II lines as the most prominent non-Balmer lines at maximum light. Spectral diagnostics indicate physical conditions for 'He/N' spectra that are consistent with their origin in the white dwarf (WD) ejecta, whereas 'Fe II' spectra point to their formation in a large circumbinary envelope of gas whose origin is the secondary star. A determining parameter for which of the two types of spectra predominates may be the binary mass ratio M sec /M WD . The increasing fraction of novae that are observed to be 'hybrid' objects, where both classes of spectra appear sequentially, is explained by changing parameters in the two emitting regions during the postoutburst decline. We argue that most novae may be hybrids that show both types of spectra during decline. The emission line intensity ratio O I λ8446/λ7773 is suggested as a good density diagnostic for the ejecta, and a finding list of emission lines identified in recent spectroscopic surveys of novae is presented as an aid to future line identification work.

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Refracture of the Forearm in Children

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Open Intramedullary Kirschner Wire versus Screw and Plate Fixation for Unstable Forearm Fractures in Children

Open Intramedullary Kirschner Wire versus Screw and Plate Fixation for Unstable Forearm Fractures in Children

Are frequent radiographs necessary in the management of closed forearm fractures in children?

ORIGIN OF THE “He/N” AND “Fe II” SPECTRAL CLASSES OF NOVAE

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