Refracture Reorientation Enhances Gas Production in Barnett Shale Tight Gas Wells

Siebrits, E.; Elbel, J.L.; Hoover, Robert S.; Diyashev, Iskander R.; Griffin, Lawrence Gene; Demetrius, S.L.; Wright, C.A.; Davidson, B.M.; Steinsberger, N.; Hill, David

doi:10.2118/63030-ms

Cited by 94 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…One of the more intriguing aspects of the stress redistribution process related to stress shadowing is that the minimum principal stress direction prior to the fracture treatment may become a maximum principal stress direction during the hydraulic fracture treatment (and vice versa). Such stress reversals have been reported by numerous authors [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Stress redistribution patterns and reversals vary greatly, depending on the native state of stress prior to fracturing, reservoir pressure waxing and waning during and after the fracture treatment, and the selected fracture spacing, as well as on whether fracture stimulation in the stages of adjacent wells occurs simultaneously, sequentially, or alternately [10].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Stress Reversals near Hydraulically Fractured Wells Explained with Linear Superposition Method (LSM)

Weijermars

Wang

2021

Energies

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Prior studies have noted that the principal stress orientations near the hydraulic fractures of well systems used for energy extraction may wander over time. Typically, the minimum and maximum principal stresses—in the horizontal map view—swap their respective initial directions, due to (1) fracture treatment interventions, and (2) pressure depletion resulting from production. The present analysis shows with stress trajectory visualizations, using a recently developed linear superposition method (LSM), that at least two generations of stress reversals around hydraulic fractures occur. The first generation occurs during the fracture treatment; the second occurs immediately after the onset of so-called flow-back. During each of these stress swaps in the vicinity of the hydraulic fractures, reservoir directions that were previously in compression subsequently exhibit extension, and directions previously stretching subsequently exhibit shortening. The pressure change in the hydraulic fractures—from over-pressured to under-pressured (only held open by proppant packs)—caused the neutral points that separate domains with different stress states to migrate from locations transverse to the fracture to locations beyond the fracture tips. Understanding such detailed geo-mechanical dynamics, related to the pressure evolution in energy reservoirs, is extremely important for improving both the fracture treatment and the well operation, as future hydrocarbon and geothermal energy extraction projects emerge.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Stress Reversals near Hydraulically Fractured Wells Explained with Linear Superposition Method (LSM)

Weijermars

Wang

2021

Energies

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“…Subsequent hydraulic fractures will be sub-horizontal in response to this altered state of stress. Similar techniques are known to reorient vertical hydraulic fractures. − This means that multiple small injections could be used to suppress upward propagation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shallow Geologic Storage of Carbon to Remove Atmospheric CO₂ and Reduce Flood Risk

Murdoch,

Germanovich,

Slack

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Geologic carbon storage currently implies that CO2 is injected into reservoirs more than 1 km deep, but this concept of geologic storage can be expanded to include the injection of solid, carbon-bearing particles into geologic formations that are one to two orders of magnitude shallower than conventional storage reservoirs. Wood is half carbon, available in large quantities at a modest cost, and can be milled into particles and injected as a slurry. We demonstrate the feasibility of shallow geologic storage of carbon by a field experiment, and the injection process also raises the ground surface. The resulting CO2 storage and ground uplift rates upscale to a technique that could contribute to the mitigation of climate change by storing carbon as well as helping to adapt to flooding risks by elevating the ground surface above flood levels. A life-cycle assessment indicates that CO2 emissions caused by shallow geologic storage of carbon are a small fraction of the injected carbon.

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“…During refracturing treatment, fracture reorientation may occur under the combined effects of the initial fracture propagation and the nonuniformly decreased pore pressure, resulting in reorientation fractures around initial Energies 2021, 14, 7482 2 of 28 hydraulic fractures (Figure 1) [4]. On one hand, the newly formed fractures deviate from those fractures induced by initial fracturing and reorient and propagate at other azimuthal angles; on the other hand, these new fractures may undergo secondary reorientation and eventually form non-coplanar reorientation fractures (Figure 1b, hydraulic fracture E) [5,6]. Of course, during this treatment, certain hydraulic fractures induced by initially fracturing may further propagate and reorient, and also form reorientation fractures (Figure 1b, hydraulic fracture B'/D').…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-Analytical Rate Decline Solutions for a Refractured Horizontal Well Intercepted by Multiple Reorientation Fractures with Fracture Face Damage in an Anisotropic Tight Reservoir

et al. 2021

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Refracturing treatment is an economical way to improve the productivity of poorly or damaged fractured horizontal wells in tight reservoirs. Fracture reorientation and fracture face damage may occur during refracturing treatment. At present, there is still no report on the rate decline solution for refractured horizontal wells in tight reservoirs. In this work, by taking a semi-analytical method, traditional rate decline and Blasingame-type rate decline solutions were derived for a refractured horizontal well intercepted by multiple reorientation fractures with fracture face damage in an anisotropic tight reservoir. The accuracy and reliability of the traditional rate decline solution were verified and validated by comparing it with a classic case in the literature and a numerical simulation case. The effects of fracture reorientation and fracture face damage on the rate decline were investigated in depth. These investigations demonstrate that fracture face damage is not conducive to increasing well productivity during the early flow period and there is an optimal matching relationship between the principal fracture section angle and permeability anisotropy, particularly for the reservoirs with strong permeability anisotropy. The fracture length ratio and fracture spacing have a weak effect on the production rate and cumulative production while the fracture number shows a strong influence on the rate decline. Furthermore, multifactor sensitivity analysis indicates that fracture conductivity has a more sensitive effect on well productivity than fracture face damage, implying the importance of improving fracture conductivity. Finally, a series of Blasingame-type rate decline curves were presented, and type curve fitting and parameter estimations for a field case were conducted too. This work deepens our understanding of the production performance of refractured horizontal wells, which helps to identify reorientation fracture properties and evaluate post-fracturing performance.

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Refracture Reorientation Enhances Gas Production in Barnett Shale Tight Gas Wells

Cited by 94 publications

References 22 publications

Stress Reversals near Hydraulically Fractured Wells Explained with Linear Superposition Method (LSM)

Stress Reversals near Hydraulically Fractured Wells Explained with Linear Superposition Method (LSM)

Shallow Geologic Storage of Carbon to Remove Atmospheric CO₂ and Reduce Flood Risk

Semi-Analytical Rate Decline Solutions for a Refractured Horizontal Well Intercepted by Multiple Reorientation Fractures with Fracture Face Damage in an Anisotropic Tight Reservoir

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Refracture Reorientation Enhances Gas Production in Barnett Shale Tight Gas Wells

Cited by 94 publications

References 22 publications

Stress Reversals near Hydraulically Fractured Wells Explained with Linear Superposition Method (LSM)

Stress Reversals near Hydraulically Fractured Wells Explained with Linear Superposition Method (LSM)

Shallow Geologic Storage of Carbon to Remove Atmospheric CO2 and Reduce Flood Risk

Semi-Analytical Rate Decline Solutions for a Refractured Horizontal Well Intercepted by Multiple Reorientation Fractures with Fracture Face Damage in an Anisotropic Tight Reservoir

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Product

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Shallow Geologic Storage of Carbon to Remove Atmospheric CO₂ and Reduce Flood Risk