Reframing incentives for climate policy action

Mercure, Jean-François; Salas, Pablo de Benavides y; Vercoulen, Pim; Semieniuk, Gregor; Lam, Aileen; Holden, PB; Vakilifard, Negar; Chewpreecha, Unnada; Viñuales, Jorge E.

doi:10.1038/s41560-021-00934-2

Cited by 142 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…As international coal markets contract with the increasing ambitions of climate change mitigation strategies and internalized social costs of carbon, coal mining communities like those in La Guajira may be tempted to find domestic strategies to consume their remaining coal reserves (Mercure et al 2021). One such strategy may be to produce liquid hydrogen using coal as a primary energy source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts associated with hydrogen production in La Guajira, Colombia

Ullman¹,

Kittner²

2022

Environ. Res. Commun.

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The global push to decarbonize sectors of the economy and phase-out coal use has attracted a renewed interest in hydrogen. At the forefront of this debate, Colombia, the world’s 6th largest coal exporter, must consider strategies to support a just transition for regions that depend economically on coal exports. However, the role of hydrogen as a part of the energy transition has yet to be examined from an environmental justice lens. A full-chain life-cycle assessment of hydrogen production is yet to be considered in Colombia. Using life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, we examine the greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption, and trace metal emissions associated with six potential Colombian liquid hydrogen production strategies: (1) electrolysis powered by the country’s national electricity grid, (2) on-site electrolysis powered by electricity produced by a wind farm, (3) off-site electrolysis powered by electricity produced by a wind farm, (4) electrolysis powered by electricity produced from a coal-fired power plant, (5) coal gasification without carbon capture and storage (CCS), and (6) coal gasification with CCS. Upstream conversion has an outsized influence on the sustainability of a hydrogen transition in Colombia. Impact levels for wind-powered electrolysis are lower than those of the coal- and grid-powered scenarios for every impact category analyzed, apart from emissions of aluminum to air, nitrogen emissions to water, and phosphorous, nitrate, and nitrite emissions to soil. The grid-based electrolysis scenario is found to consume the largest amount of water, while coal-fueled scenarios pathways raise concerns of greater life-cycle mercury, nickel, and arsenic emissions. While coal gasification with CCS reduced gasification CO2 emissions by 35%, the CCS scenario’s VOC emissions were 37% greater than gasification without CCS, given that increased levels of coal inputs were required to account for the loss of efficiency associated with the addition of CCS technology. For Colombia to benefit most from a hydrogen-based decarbonization transition with minimal environmental impacts, community-focused planning and wind-based hydrogen systems should be prioritized

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts associated with hydrogen production in La Guajira, Colombia

Ullman¹,

Kittner²

2022

Environ. Res. Commun.

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“…This issue is particularly salient in LMICs where a range of context-specific institutional, economic, environmental and social barriers may limit or decelerate implementation and affect the available choice of policy instruments (Dubash et al, 2013;Giles et al, 2021;Laudari et al, 2021), and where reliable data on monitoring and evaluation of climate policy implementation are scarce (Ssekamatte, 2018). Despite growing evidence that a sustainable energy transition towards solar and wind is likely to be economically favourable for many LMICs (Chakravarty and Somanathan, 2021;IRENA, 2021;Mercure et al, 2021;Oyewo et al, 2020), there is growing evidence of such transitions being limited in LMICs (Alova et al, 2021;Steckel et al, 2015Steckel et al, , 2020, raising questions regarding the extent to which signing the Paris Agreement and formally adopting climate policies are changing outcomes on the ground. Yet neither the reasons behind this discrepancy nor suggestions for how it can be overcome are well-understood in the literature.…”

Section: A Lei Não Pegou (The Law Didn't Stick) -Expression In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To maximise the chances of success, such green industrialisation policies should be aligned with existing resources and capacities in the respective economies to maximise competitive advantages and thereby enable rapid implementation (Andres and Mealy, 2021;Mealy and Teytelboym, 2020). Recent work by Mercure et al suggests that given the dynamics of the global energy transition, quick decarbonisation is especially economically advantageous for fossil fuel importers as they can re-invest money into domestic low-carbon energy development programmes which was previously spent on expensive energy imports, boosting GDP and job creation in the process (Mercure et al, 2021). Bottom-up, governments furthermore need to increase the innovative capacity for sustainable development solutions capable of delivering on green growth (Schot and Steinmueller, 2018).…”

Section: Conclusion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How climate policies can translate to tangible change: Evidence from eleven low- and lower-middle income countries

Trotter

Mannan

Brophy

et al. 2022

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…Den økende politiske viljen bak dette skiftet er en viktig grunn til at langsommere energiskifter i fortiden ikke bør brukes som en rettesnor for fremtiden (Fattouh et al, 2018). Samlet antyder den seneste forskningen at eksisterende klimapolitiske tiltak og teknologiske fremskritt innenfor grønn energi gir en overveldende sannsynlighet for redusert etterspørsel etter fossile drivstoffer (Lystad et al, 2021;Mercure et al, 2021;Statkraft, 2018). Det er dermed en høy risiko for at norsk olje blir ulønnsom, i takt med at alle unntatt de aller billigste av verdens fossile energireserver blir «ubrennbare» (Mercure et al, 2021).…”

Section: Risiko Ved å «La Markedet Ta Seg Av» Norges Oljeunclassified

Norges oljedilemma etter Glasgow: Et umoralsk argument for et raskt grønt skifte

Funnemark

Beaumont

2022

Internasjonal Politikk

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SammendragEtter å ha gått seirende ut av «klimavalget 2021», står den rødgrønne regjeringen overfor oppgaven med å sikre Norges grønne omstilling. I den offentlige debatten står gjerne argumenter om global solidaritet og miljøhensyn fremst i begrunnelsene for nødvendigheten av en grønn omstilling, mens motstandere av et raskt skifte fokuserer på de negative økonomiske konsekvensene de mener et raskt skifte vil få for Norge. Denne artikkelen søker å nyansere dette bildet, og argumenterer for et bredere kost-nytte-perspektiv som også tar høyde for diplomatiske kostnader ved å fortsette med oljeleting, samt de økonomiske konsekvensene av en treg omstilling. Selv om man holder konsekvensene av klimaendringene helt utenfor vurderingen, argumenterer vi for at usikkerheten rundt fremtidig oljepris og omdømmerisikoen Norge løper ved å fortsette å basere økonomien på ikke-fornybare energikilder, burde vaere gode argumenter for å revurdere Norges oljepolitikk.* Takk til Cedric de Coning, Elisabeth Rosvold og fagfellen for konstruktive tilbakemeldinger på tidligere utkast av denne artikkelen.1 Regjeringen la i april 2022 frem en tilleggsmelding til den forrige regjeringens energimelding. Tilleggsmeldingen legger frem en rekke nye krav til åpning av nye oljefelt, men holder muligheten for nye felt åpen.

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Reframing incentives for climate policy action

Cited by 142 publications

References 59 publications

Environmental impacts associated with hydrogen production in La Guajira, Colombia

Environmental impacts associated with hydrogen production in La Guajira, Colombia

How climate policies can translate to tangible change: Evidence from eleven low- and lower-middle income countries

Norges oljedilemma etter Glasgow: Et umoralsk argument for et raskt grønt skifte

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