Context:No one seriously argues against the common sense notion that physical and mental health problems can profoundly affect learning and performance. The reality, however, is that health concerns are only one set of factors that interfere with success at school, and when a focus on health is advocated as a separate agenda, the efforts tend to be marginalized in school improvement policy and practice. Evidence Acquisition: This paper is the product of decades of research conducted by our center at UCLA. It reflects policy and practice analyses, prototypes developed for policy, practice, infrastructure, and systemic change, and direct implementation efforts with schools, districts, and state departments of education. Results: We find that school health concerns currently are marginalized in school improvement policy. As a result, prevailing approaches to physical and mental health in schools are too limited in nature and scope and are implemented in a piecemeal and fragmented manner. Improving the situation requires embedding such concerns into a framework that addresses the fuller range of factors that can interfere with learning and teaching. To this end, we emphasize moving in new directions to transform how schools can comprehensively address such factors. Conclusions: It is time to do more than advocate for expanding the range of health programs and services. Needed is a fundamental transformation of student and learning supports so that all the fragmented pieces are unified as a primary and essential component that is fully integrated into school improvement policy and practice for every school.
ContextNo one seriously argues against the importance of a school health focus or that physical and mental health problems can profoundly affect learning and performance. Over many years, advocacy for schools playing a role in strengthening physical and mental health has stressed one or both of the following points:-Schools provide good access to students (and their families) who require health services; -Schools must deal with health problems to reinforce efficient school performance and promote students' wellbeing. The first point distinctly represents the perspective and agenda of health promoters and bureaus involved in improving services. The second recommendation refers to the viewpoint and program of teachers (1).As a result of advocacy for the above agenda, schools have long offered a range of health, psychological, counseling, and social service programs (2). However, all this activity has been and continues to be marginalized in school improvement policy and practice. This trend is likely to go unchanged as long as the advocacy focuses narrowly on health. In moving forward, our research frames health concerns as one among a range of factors that can interfere with learning and teaching, and from this perspective, we analyze the current state of affairs related to how schools address such factors. Given that the prevailing situation is unsatisfactory, we outline how the situation can be transformed. Deve...