Refugee Stigma and Its Association with Depression Symptom Severity: Findings from Urban Refugees Living in Mbarara City, Southwestern Uganda

Bahati, Ronald; Ainamani, Herbert E.; Ashaba, Scholastic; Sigmund, Cathy Denise; Rukundo, Godfrey Zari

doi:10.4236/ojpsych.2022.124022

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, it has yet to be demonstrated whether there is a clear gender difference in AUD, thus indicating that future studies should investigate the relative effects of AUD between genders. A previous study reported no significant gender difference for the severity of alcohol use among urban refugees 47 . However, other studies reported that females with AUD might suffer from more alcohol‐induced damage than males with AUD 48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…A previous study reported no significant gender difference for the severity of alcohol use among urban refugees. 47 However, other studies reported that females with AUD might suffer from more alcohol-induced damage than males with AUD. 48 Future studies should incorporate females with AUD to specifically investigate whether there is a gender difference in terms of functional connections and AUD.…”

Section: Correlation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Global, interhemispheric and intrahemispheric functional connection patterns in male adults with alcohol use disorder

Wei,

Wang,

Kang

et al. 2024

Addiction Biology

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A growing body of evidence indicates the existence of abnormal local and long‐range functional connection patterns in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, it has yet to be established whether AUD is associated with abnormal interhemispheric and intrahemispheric functional connection patterns. In the present study, we analysed resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 55 individuals with AUD and 32 healthy nonalcohol users. For each subject, whole‐brain functional connectivity density (FCD) was decomposed into ipsilateral and contralateral parts. Correlation analysis was performed between abnormal FCD and a range of clinical measurements in the AUD group. Compared with healthy controls, the AUD group exhibited a reduced global FCD in the anterior and middle cingulate gyri, prefrontal cortex and thalamus, along with an enhanced global FCD in the temporal, parietal and occipital cortices. Abnormal interhemispheric and intrahemispheric FCD patterns were also detected in the AUD group. Furthermore, abnormal global, contralateral and ipsilateral FCD data were correlated with the mean amount of pure alcohol and the severity of alcohol addiction in the AUD group. Collectively, our findings indicate that global, interhemispheric and intrahemispheric FCD may represent a robust method to detect abnormal functional connection patterns in AUD; this may help us to identify the neural substrates and therapeutic targets of AUD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Correlation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Global, interhemispheric and intrahemispheric functional connection patterns in male adults with alcohol use disorder

Wei,

Wang,

Kang

et al. 2024

Addiction Biology

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“…Mbarara City is located in southwestern Uganda (Bahati et al, 2022). It is made up of Kamukuzi Division, Kakoba Division, Biharwe Division, Nyamitanga Division, Nyakayojo Division, and Kakiika Division.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrogating the Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics in Mbarara City in Southwestern Uganda

Nuwagira

Yasin

Nasasira

2023

East Afr. j. environ. nat. resour.

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The urbanization in Mbarara City Southwestern Uganda has increased the number of built-up and small-scale agricultural areas thus escalating pressure on the grassland and woodlot areas hence influencing land fragmentation and slum development. In this study, we focused on land use/land cover dynamics. This helped us to identify land uses that reduce grassland areas, which increases land fragmentation, and slum development. Presumably, the land uses in the area included built-up areas, grassland, small-scale agriculture, and woodlots. Built-up, grassland, and small-scale agriculture were vital for our analysis. We employed remote sensing techniques (Supervised-Maximum Likelihood Classifier) with two cloud-free high-resolution images of 2010 and 2022 in mapping spatial-temporal patterns in built-up, grassland, and small-scale agriculture. Our results evidenced that built-up area increased by (5.14%), grassland declined by (7.1%), small-scale agriculture increased by (2.62%), and woodlots reduced by (0.73%) between 2010 to 2022 and the accuracy assessment for the image classification was (83%). Our study found that an increase in built-up areas and small-scale agriculture led to the decline of the grassland and woodlot areas between 2010 to 2022 with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.03). There was also a strong positive correlation (r = 0.97) between land use/land cover types in 2010 and 2022. Our study recommends that Mbarara City Authority should put strict laws and regulations governing the minimum size of land required during sub-division to avoid land fragmentation which results in increased slum development. Increased land fragmentation may have an intense impact on important ecosystems such as grasslands.

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Traumatised youth harbour feelings of revenge: investigating the association between PTSD symptomatology, vengeance, and willingness to forgive among the Congolese adolescent refugees in Uganda

Ainamani,

Rukundo,

Gumisiriza

et al. 2024

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Prolonged conflicts in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have caused widespread psychological trauma among civilians leading to maladaptive coping strategies across generations. Despite this occurrence, empirical studies on the prevalence of trauma and its impact on attitudes towards revenge and forgiveness, particularly among the youth, are scarce. This study aims to clarify the relationship between Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and the desires for forgiveness and revenge among Congolese adolescents residing in Uganda. Methods: We analysed data from 269 adolescent refugees from the DRC living in the Nakivale refugee settlement in Southwestern Uganda. The assessment included exposure to war-related traumatic events and the MINI-KID for DSM-V PTSD symptom severity. The Heartland Forgiveness and Vengeance Scales measured willingness to forgive and feelings of vengeance. Results: Exposure to war-related traumatic events was notably high in our sample, with severe deprivation of food (260 [97%]), exposure to armed combat (249 [93%]), witnessing bombing, burning, or destruction of houses (245 [91%]), disappearance of family members (239 [89%]), and seeing dead bodies (236 [88%]). PTSD symptom severity was negatively associated with willingness to forgive ( b = −0.48; 95% CI −0.71–−0.25; p < .001) and positively associated with vengeance ( b = 0.18; 95% CI 0.04–0.32; p = .011). Conclusion: PTSD symptom severity reduces the willingness to forgive and increases the desire for vengeance among adolescent refugees. Mental health clinicians and policymakers should consider addressing maladaptive coping behaviours related to feelings of revenge and unwillingness to forgive in their support strategies for refugees.

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Refugee Stigma and Its Association with Depression Symptom Severity: Findings from Urban Refugees Living in Mbarara City, Southwestern Uganda

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Global, interhemispheric and intrahemispheric functional connection patterns in male adults with alcohol use disorder

Global, interhemispheric and intrahemispheric functional connection patterns in male adults with alcohol use disorder

Interrogating the Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics in Mbarara City in Southwestern Uganda

Traumatised youth harbour feelings of revenge: investigating the association between PTSD symptomatology, vengeance, and willingness to forgive among the Congolese adolescent refugees in Uganda

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