Regal electrochemistry: sensing of the synthetic cathinone class of new psychoactive substances (NPSs)

Tan, F.D.; Smith, Jamie P.; Sutcliffe, Oliver B.; Banks, Craig E.

doi:10.1039/c5ay01820j

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…These electrodes were also used for mephedrone analysis [43,44]. Mephedrone had already been detected using electrochemical methods [43][44][45][46][47][48][49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Electrochemical Sensor Using a Modified Carbon Paste Electrode with Silver Nanoparticles Capped with Saffron for Monitoring Mephedrone

Papaioannou

Karastogianni

Girousi

2022

Sensors

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Mephedrone, also known as 4-methylmethcathinone, is growing into a prominent recreational drug for young people. When it came to detecting mephedrone, limited efforts were made using electrochemical sensors. As a result, this application depicts the fabrication of a new, sensitive, selective, and economical electrochemical sensor capable of detecting mephedrone by using silver nanoparticles capped with saffron produced through electropolymerization to modify carbon paste electrodes (CPEs). Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were capped with saffron (AgNPs@Sa) using a green method. AgNPs@Sa were studied using electron scanning microscopy (SEM) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The sensor was evaluated under the optimum condition to determine its analytical features. The results showed that this procedure had a wide linear range, low detection limit and sufficient reproducibility. Furthermore, the sensor posed sufficient stability. Moreover, it was applied in the determination of mephedrone in urine samples, showing the potential applicability of this electrochemical sensor in real sample analysis.

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“…These electrodes were also used for mephedrone analysis [43,44]. Mephedrone had already been detected using electrochemical methods [43][44][45][46][47][48][49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Electrochemical Sensor Using a Modified Carbon Paste Electrode with Silver Nanoparticles Capped with Saffron for Monitoring Mephedrone

Papaioannou

Karastogianni

Girousi

2022

Sensors

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“…Voltammetric Analysis of New Psychoactive Substances (vs. SCE) [30]. The coin had different compositions; currently it's composed of steel while copper is used for its electroplating [31].…”

Section: Synthetic Cathinonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric Analysis of New Psychoactive Substances

Patil

Pandey

2021

AJFSFM

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New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) are synthetic drugs that create similar effects as various narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. Different NPS such as mephedrone, synthacaine, synthetic cannabinoids, etc. are available today which are sold across numerous platforms like drug markets, head shops, the dark web, etc. They are emerging rapidly and becoming popular in society because of their variable nature and ease in avoiding breaking the law. Consequently, their analysis is extremely crucial in the prohibition of drug abuse and the development of laboratory methods. This review introduces a broad overview of the analysis of various new psychoactive substances by voltammetric techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, stripping voltammetry etc. It also focuses on various methodologies that were developed for the detection of these NPS which play a leading role in forensic investigation by providing a rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective platform of analysis. The need for the advancement of various detection methods and analysis of more drugs is additionally discussed.

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“…In addition, a handheld Raman spectrometry has been developed and is available commercially with an advantage for in-field testing [9]. Besides, a few colorimetric sensors and electrochemical probes as well as immunoassays to detect cathinone drugs have been developed for screening drugs at crime scenes [10,11,12]. Cuypers et al used classic color testing arrays (Marquis, Mecke, Scott, Mandelin, and Simon reagents) to identify NPS [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Photoluminescent Colorimetric Probe of Bovine Serum Albumin-Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters for New Psychoactive Substances: Cathinone Drugs in Seized Street Samples

Yen

Chen

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Screening of illicit drugs for new psychoactive substances—namely cathinone—at crime scenes is in high demand. A dual-emission bovine serum albumin-stabilized gold nanoclusters probe was synthesized and used for quantitation and screening of 4-chloromethcathinone and cathinone analogues in an aqueous solution. The photoluminescent (PL) color of the bovine serum albumin-stabilized Au nanoclusters (BSA-Au NCs) probe solution changed from red to dark blue during the identification of cathinone drugs when excited using a portable ultraviolet light-emitting diodes lamp (365 nm). This probe solution allows the PL color-changing point and limit of detection down to 10.0 and 0.14 mM, respectively, for 4-chloromethcathinone. The phenomenon of PL color-changing of BSA-Au NCs was attributed to its PL band at 650 nm, quenching through an electron transfer mechanism. The probe solution was highly specific to cathinone drugs, over other popular illicit drugs, including heroin, cocaine, ketamine, and methamphetamine. The practicality of this BSA-Au NCs probe was assessed by using it to screen illicit drugs seized by law enforcement officers. All 20 actual cases from street and smuggling samples were validated using this BSA-Au NCs probe solution and then confirmed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results reveal this BSA-Au NCs probe solution is practical for screening cathinone drugs at crime scenes.

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Regal electrochemistry: sensing of the synthetic cathinone class of new psychoactive substances (NPSs)

Cited by 36 publications

References 34 publications

Development of an Electrochemical Sensor Using a Modified Carbon Paste Electrode with Silver Nanoparticles Capped with Saffron for Monitoring Mephedrone

Development of an Electrochemical Sensor Using a Modified Carbon Paste Electrode with Silver Nanoparticles Capped with Saffron for Monitoring Mephedrone

Voltammetric Analysis of New Psychoactive Substances

A Photoluminescent Colorimetric Probe of Bovine Serum Albumin-Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters for New Psychoactive Substances: Cathinone Drugs in Seized Street Samples

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