Regeneration of carbon black from waste automobile tires

Abstract

Carbon black, an important ingredient in tires, was regenerated from waste automobile tires. Waste tires were cut to separate the tread cap, tread base, side wall, and inner ply and were crushed and pyrolyzed in a muffle furnace at 430°C for 3 h. This black was again heated at 430°C for 1.5 h to increase the surface area to get regenerated black (RB). To find out the effect of heating during pyrolysis, the original black was also heated at 430°C for 1.5 h to get heat-treated black (HTB). The regenerated black (RB) was characterized by different methods. It was mixed in different formulations, with few required properties of the final mixed compounds measured, and then cured maintaining technical cure time and temperature; physicomechanical properties of the cured specimen were measured and compared with that of the virgin black (VB) and the heat-treated black (HTB). From all these results it was concluded that regenerated black has a higher surface area, higher elongation at break, and higher heat buildup but a lower cure rate, a lower modulus, and a comparable state of cure, dispersion, hardness, tensile strength, and tear strength compared with those of the virgin black. It was also found that for the regenerated black, the structure and agglomerate size were slightly changed. Some polar acidic groups were incorporated into the carbon black during pyrolysis or during heat treatment. Regenerated black had better aging properties than did the virgin or heat-treated black.

Influence of process conditions on product yield of waste tyre pyrolysis- A review

“…Waste tyres are shredded into fines and are mixed with some reclaiming agents to yield reclaimed tyres. Nonetheless, it is reported that only 5% of the total waste tyres is reclaimed [2,23]. Even though the waste tyres are used for various applications as discussed above, the proportion of waste tyres employed for recycling is insignificant.…”

“…The standard analysis pertaining to the determination of properties of carbon black is given in Table 4 [13,23,37,41,66,67]. Carbon black, as such, has the potential to be used as fuel.…”

Synthesis of carbon nanostructures from residual solids waste tires

“…Recycling tires can be very difficult due to the thermosetting nature of the crosslink molecular structure. Several methods for recycling tires have been developed such as nitric acid digestion, electric and calorific energy conversion, and pyrolysis in a vacuum or inert atmosphere 1. The main purpose is to recover some carbon compounds and to destroy any hazardous components within the tires.…”

“…Several methods for recycling tires have been developed such as nitric acid digestion, electric and calorific energy conversion, and pyrolysis in a vacuum or inert atmosphere. 1 The main purpose is to recover some carbon compounds and to destroy any hazardous components within the tires. Tire pyrolysis has proven to be a good method for the recovery of carbon in solids up to 93% by weight at 450 C. 2,3 In previous work, a solid powder that was obtained from car tires by pyrolysis and thermal shock was fully characterized.…”

Estimation and Analysis of Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction Effects of Warm-Mix Crumb Rubber-Modified Asphalts during Construction Period

“…The Evotherm warm-mix CRMA mixture with DAT as warm mix agent (Ev-DAT warm-mix CRMA mixture) is more energy-efficient by saving approximately 108.56 MJ of energy and reducing gas emissions during mixing and paving by at least 32% and 73%, respectively. This model can improves the technical standard of warm-mix CRMA and the energy conservation assessment.Currently, most waste tires are treated as solid waste and are burned or dumped in landfills [4]. In 2007, the quantity of waste tires made into tire-derived fuel in the United States exceeded half of their annual tire yield, while the other 17.2% and 12.2% of waste tires were used as ground rubber materials and civil engineering materials respectively [5].…”