Regeneration of salvia (Salvia officinalis L.) via induction of meristematic callus

Abstract

Nodular meristematic callus was induced on the basal cut surface of apical shoot explants of salvia cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.5, 13.5, or 22.5 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). Cultures were incubated in the dark for 1 wk and then transferred to light conditions for 4 wk. A higher percentage of explants developing callus was observed on medium containing either 4.5 or 13.5 μM TDZ, although explants on 4.5 μM developed larger calluses. The callus was maintained on medium containing 4.5 μM TDZ and 0.45 mM ascorbic acid. Shoot differentiation, after each of three successive maintenance passages, was induced from callus grown on medium containing either 4.4 or 8.8 μM benzyladenine (BA). A greater number of shoots were harvested from callus differentiated on BA (4.4 or 8.8 μM) medium with 0.45 mM ascorbic acid added. Shoots developed roots on MS medium supplemented with 4.9 μM of indole-3-butyric acid. The addition of ascorbic acid to the shoot differentiation medium enhanced rooting, number of roots per shoot, and survival rate. Approximately 75% in vitro plantlets were acclimatized to ex vitro conditions. Histological investigations confirmed both adventitious meristem initiation during the callus induction phase, and subsequent organogenic shoot development on the differentiation medium. The novel protocol for the meristematic callus induction and plant regeneration in this study may be useful for biotechnological applications for salvia improvement via genetic transformation or mutagenesis and in vitro propagation approaches.

In vitro callus induction and micropropagation of Thymus persicus (Lamiaceae), an endangered medicinal plant

“…No morphological alterations were observed among regenerated plants grown in the greenhouse. Similar observations have been reported in Salvia (Tawfik and Mohamed 2007). …”

“…Shoot formation from calli has been previously achieved by cytokinin or auxin supplementation or by varying the mineral concentration in the medium (Kour et al 2014). The immense activity of BAP compared to other cytokinins is reported in many plants, including Salvia officinalis (Tawfik and Mohamed 2007), Thymus bleicherianus (Aicha and Abdelmalek 2014), and Mandevilla guanabarica (Zorat Cordeiro et al 2014). As shown in Table 2, calli cultured on PGR-free MS medium exhibited a high shoot formation rate (78%).…”

Tissue culture optimization for Lallementia royleana L. an important medicinal plant

“…Nodes were found to be more effective for callogenesis than leaves and internodes. These results are in accordance with Salvia officinalis L. (Tawfik and Mohamed 2007) and Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. (Mahajan et al 2016) as nodal parts of plants possess more totipotency for culturing than leaves and inter nodes (Balilashaki et al 2015).…”

Response of Yucca gloriosa “Variegata” to Tissue Culture

“…(1H, F, G). Similar results were obtained by Atta-Alla and Van Staden (1997) who reported that treatment with TDZ produced excessive callus formation in Y. aloifolia [13] and Tawfix and Mohammed (2007) who recorded a high percentage of explants developing callus on a medium containing 4.5 µM TDZ [14]. Bud explants in some concentrations of TDZ produced shoots directly Fig.…”