Regeneration of Somaclonal Variants of Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>L.) for Resistance to<i>Fusarium</i>Wilt

Popoola, A. R.; Durosomo, A. H.; Afolabi, C. G.; Idehen, E. O.

doi:10.1080/15427528.2015.1066287

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The Fusarium wilt disease incidence and percent disease severity (PDS) were evaluated at 25 d post-inoculation. Disease severity for Fusarium wilt on tomato plants was determined using the following 0–6 indexing scale, with minor modifications [ 34 ]. Disease severity scale: (1 = immune: symptomless; 2 = resistant: initiation of wilting symptoms, 5% leaves showing yellowing and wilting; 3 = moderately resistant: 6–10% wilting and yellowing of leaves; 4 = moderately susceptible: 11–12% leaves showing symptoms; 5 = susceptible: 21–50% leaves showing wilting with yellow–brown bi-coloration; and 6 = highly susceptible: > 50% leaves showing infection, dying, and drying of plant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable synthesis of microwave-assisted IONPs using Spinacia oleracea L. for control of fungal wilt by modulating the defense system in tomato plants

et al. 2022

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Background Changing climate enhances the survival of pests and pathogens, which eventually affects crop yield and reduces its economic value. Novel approaches should be employed to ensure sustainable food security. Nano-based agri-chemicals provide a distinctive mechanism to increase productivity and manage phytopathogens, with minimal environmental distress. In vitro and in greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the potential of green-synthesized iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in suppressing wilt infection caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycospersici, and improving tomato growth (Solanum lycopersicum) and fruit quality. Results Various microwave powers (100–1000 W) were used to modulate the properties of the green-synthesized IONPs, using spinach as a starting material. The IONPs stabilized with black coffee extract were substantively characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, dielectric and impedance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively), and magnetization analysis. XRD revealed a cubic magnetite (Fe3O4) phase with super-paramagnetic nature, detected at all microwave powers. The binding energies of Fe 2p3/2 (710.9 eV) and Fe 2p1/2 (724.5 eV) of Fe3O4 NPs were confirmed using XPS analysis at a microwave power of 1000 W. Uniform, spherical/cubical-shaped particles with an average diameter of 4 nm were confirmed using SEM and TEM analysis. A significant reduction in mycelial growth and spore germination was observed upon exposure to different IONP treatments. Malformed mycelium, DNA fragmentation, alternation in the cell membrane, and ROS production in F. oxysporum indicated the anti-microbial potential of the IONPs. The particles were applied both through the root (before transplantation) and by means of foliar application (after two weeks) to the infected seedlings. IONPs significantly reduced disease severity by an average of 47.8%, resulting in increased plant growth variables after exposure to 12.5 µg/mL of IONPs. Analysis of photosynthetic pigments, phenolic compounds, and anti-oxidant enzymes in the roots and shoots showed an increasing trend after exposure to various concentrations of IONPs. Correspondingly, lycopene, vitamin C, total flavonoids, and protein content were substantially improved in tomato fruits after treatment with IONPs. Conclusion The findings of the current investigation suggested that the synthesized IONPs display anti-fungal and nutritional properties that can help to manage Fusarium wilt disease, resulting in enhanced plant growth and fruit quality. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable synthesis of microwave-assisted IONPs using Spinacia oleracea L. for control of fungal wilt by modulating the defense system in tomato plants

et al. 2022

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“…For inoculation with phages, 5 ml of the high titre phage suspension were added to each pot. Symptoms were measured using disease severity scale (Table 1) (Lebeda and Buczkowski ,1986 modified by Popoola et al, 2015).…”

Section: -Protection Of Tomato Plants From Fusarium Welt Disease Usin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling Tomato Fusarium Welt Disease via Streptomyces rochei in Actinophage Resistant Forms

Mohamed,

Elsharouny

2024

Journal of Sohag Agriscience (JSAS)

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This study aimed to control tomato welt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum using Streptomyces rochei which known to have high antagonistic activity against the plant pathogenic fungi. Since presence of actinophages in the soil can reduce the density of such antagonistic microorganism (i.e. S. rochei) it was of a particular interest to prepare S. rochei inoculum in actinophage resistant forms. Therefore, a spontaneous phage resistant mutant of S. rochei was successfully isolated. Moreover, S. rochei inoculum was prepared in alginate immobilized form. The obtained results indicated that tomato plants that were inoculated with S. rochei free cells and Fusarium oxysporum showed moderate resistance to welt disease. The percentage of infection increased when treated with S. rochei free cells and actinophages. Immobilized cells of S. rochei significantly decreased the disease severity of infected plants, even in presence of actinophages. Furthermore, inoculation with actinophage-resistant mutant of S. rochei in presence of actinophage can protect plants and reduce welt disease symptoms. Results in this study revealed that the depressive effect of the actinophages can be avoided by application of S. rochei inoculum in the form of alginate immobilized cells. Moreover, isolation of phage resistant mutants of such desired bacteria can be used as well to avoid the phage attack. Therefore, application of immobilized cells or phage resistant mutants of these desired bacteria as a biological control agent against pathogenic fungi is highly recommended to avoid the phage attack and to promote the efficiencies and maintenance of this microorganism in the soil.

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“…The size of each gall was measured using a micrometer to determine its maximum length and breadth (in m). With minor modifications, the severity of the disease was measured using the grading scale 0-6 given by Popoola et al (2015).…”

Section: Antioxidant Enzymatic Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-pesticidal potential of Cassia fistula (L.) leaf synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag@CfL-NPs): Deciphering the phytopathogenic inhibition and growth augmentation in Solanum lycopersicum (L.)

et al. 2022

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Plant-based synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) has emerged as a potential alternative to traditional chemical synthesis methods. In this context, the aim of the present study was to synthesize Ag-NPs from Cassia fistula (L.) leaf extract and to evaluate their nano-pesticidal potential against major phyto-pathogens of tomato. From the data, it was found that particle size of spherical C. fistula leaf synthesized (Ag@CfL-NPs) varied from 10 to 20 nm, with the average diameter of 16 nm. Ag@CfL-NPs were validated and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy (surface resonance peak λmax = 430 nm), energy dispersive spectrophotometer (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), and electron microscopy; scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The FTIR spectra verified the participation of various living molecules (aromatic/aliphatic moieties and proteins) in synthesized Ag@CfL-NPs. The anti-phytopathogenic potential of Ag@CfL-NPs was assessed under in vitro conditions. Increasing doses of Ag@CfL-NPs exhibited an inhibitory effect against bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae and 400 μg Ag@CfL-NPs ml–1 caused a reduction in cellular viability, altered bacterial morphology, and caused cellular death Furthermore, Ag@CfL-NPs reduced exopolysaccharides (EPS) production and biofilm formation by P. syringae Additionally, Ag@CfL-NPs showed pronounced antifungal activity against major fungal pathogens. At 400 μg Ag@CfL-NPs ml–1, sensitivity of tested fungi followed the order: Fusarium oxysporum (76%) > R. solani (65%) > Sarocladium (39%). Furthermore, 400 μg Ag@CfL-NPs ml–1 inhibited the egg-hatching and increased larval mortality of Meloidogyne incognita by 82 and 65%, respectively, over control. Moreover, pot studies were performed to assess the efficacy of Ag@CfL-NPs to phyto-pathogens using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) as a model crop. The applied phyto-pathogens suppressed the biological, physiological, and oxidative-stress responsiveness of tomatoes. However, 100 mg Ag@CfL-NPs kg–1 improved overall performance and dramatically increased the root length, dry biomass, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, peroxidase (POD), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity over pathogens-challenged tomatoes. This study is anticipated to serve as an essential indication for synthesis of efficient nano-control agents, which would aid in the management of fatal phyto-pathogens causing significant losses to agricultural productivity. Overall, our findings imply that Ag@CfL-NPs as nano-pesticides might be used in green agriculture to manage the diseases and promote plant health in a sustainable way.

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Regeneration of Somaclonal Variants of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicumL.) for Resistance toFusariumWilt

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Sustainable synthesis of microwave-assisted IONPs using Spinacia oleracea L. for control of fungal wilt by modulating the defense system in tomato plants

Sustainable synthesis of microwave-assisted IONPs using Spinacia oleracea L. for control of fungal wilt by modulating the defense system in tomato plants

Controlling Tomato Fusarium Welt Disease via Streptomyces rochei in Actinophage Resistant Forms

Nano-pesticidal potential of Cassia fistula (L.) leaf synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag@CfL-NPs): Deciphering the phytopathogenic inhibition and growth augmentation in Solanum lycopersicum (L.)

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