Regeneration of the adult zebrafish brain from neurogenic radial glia-type progenitors

Kroehne, Volker; Freudenreich, Dorian; Hans, Stefan; Kaslin, Jan; Brand, Michael

doi:10.1242/dev.072587

Cited by 406 publications

(553 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Immunohistochemistry on cryosections was performed as previously described 51 . Briefly, to retrieve the antigens of Prox1, sections were pre-incubated in 50 mM Tris-buffer (pH 8.0) at 99°C for 5 minutes, cooled down to RT over 15 minutes and washed for 5 minutes in PBS and twice for 10 minutes in PBSTx.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subdivisions of the adult zebrafish pallium based on molecular marker analysis

et al. 2014

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Background: The telencephalon shows a remarkable structural diversity among vertebrates. In particular, the everted telencephalon of ray-finned fishes has a markedly different morphology compared to the evaginated telencephalon of all other vertebrates. This difference in development has hampered the comparison between different areas of the pallium of ray-finned fishes and the pallial nuclei of all other vertebrates. Various models of homology between pallial subdivisions in ray-finned fishes and the pallial nuclei in tetrapods have been proposed based on connectional, neurochemical, gene expression and functional data. However, no consensus has been reached so far. In recent years, the analysis of conserved developmental marker genes has assisted the identification of homologies for different parts of the telencephalon among several tetrapod species. Results: We have investigated the gene expression pattern of conserved marker genes in the adult zebrafish ( Danio rerio) pallium to identify pallial subdivisions and their homology to pallial nuclei in tetrapods. Combinatorial expression analysis of ascl1a, eomesa, emx1, emx2, emx3, and Prox1 identifies four main divisions in the adult zebrafish pallium. Within these subdivisions, we propose that Dm is homologous to the pallial amygdala in tetrapods and that the dorsal subdivision of Dl is homologous to part of the hippocampal formation in mouse. We have complemented this analysis be examining the gene expression of emx1, emx2 and emx3 in the zebrafish larval brain. Conclusions: Based on our gene expression data, we propose a new model of subdivisions in the adult zebrafish pallium and their putative homologies to pallial nuclei in tetrapods. Pallial nuclei control sensory, motor, and cognitive functions, like memory, learning and emotion. The identification of pallial subdivisions in the adult zebrafish and their homologies to pallial nuclei in tetrapods will contribute to the use of the zebrafish system as a model for neurobiological research and human neurodegenerative diseases.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subdivisions of the adult zebrafish pallium based on molecular marker analysis

et al. 2014

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“…Therefore, investigating the molecular basis of the regenerative aptitude of zebrafish brain is an interesting realm of research that might explain the fundamental difference how fish and mammalian brains react after an injury, and also endow avenues for regenerative medical therapies in humans. In order to understand the molecular infrastructure of vertebrate brain plasticity and regeneration, glial cells serve as an important research area as they are the neurogenic progenitors 3,8,20 . Thus, using CVMI technique to alter gene function in the radial glial cells of the zebrafish brain is instrumental in elucidating how fish brain can couple progenitor activity to efficient adult neurogenesis and regenerative response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several stem cells zones of the adult zebrafish brain have been analyzed and it has been shown that the cells lining the ventricular surface of those regions serve as progenitor cells 9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . Detailed analyses in the zebrafish telencephalon, for example, identified the radial glial cells, which delineate the ventricular surface of this brain region to be neurogenic progenitors 19,20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed analyses in the zebrafish telencephalon, for example, identified the radial glial cells, which delineate the ventricular surface of this brain region to be neurogenic progenitors 19,20 . This holds true for other regions such as the cerebellum and the optic tectum, where ventricularly-located neuroepithelial cells provide the neurogenic input 16,21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micromanipulation of Gene Expression in the Adult Zebrafish Brain Using Cerebroventricular Microinjection of Morpholino Oligonucleotides

Kızıl

Iltzsche

Kaslin

et al. 2013

JoVE

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Manipulation of gene expression in tissues is required to perform functional studies. In this paper, we demonstrate the cerebroventricular microinjection (CVMI) technique as a means to modulate gene expression in the adult zebrafish brain. By using CVMI, substances can be administered into the cerebroventricular fluid and be thoroughly distributed along the rostrocaudal axis of the brain. We particularly focus on the use of antisense morpholino oligonucleotides, which are potent tools for knocking down gene expression in vivo. In our method, when applied, morpholino molecules are taken up by the cells lining the ventricular surface. These cells include the radial glial cells, which act as neurogenic progenitors. Therefore, knocking down gene expression in the radial glial cells is of utmost importance to analyze the widespread neurogenesis response in zebrafish, and also would provide insight into how vertebrates could sustain adult neurogenesis response. Such an understanding would also help the efforts for clinical applications in human neurodegenerative disorders and central nervous system regeneration. Thus, we present the cerebroventricular microinjection method as a quick and efficient way to alter gene expression and neurogenesis response in the adult zebrafish forebrain. We also provide troubleshooting tips and other useful information on how to carry out the CVMI procedure.

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“…Regenerative capacities are not only conserved between lower vertebrates and mammals in terms of signalling. It is worth noting that both neurogenic adult neural progenitors in fish and mammals have a similar morphological phenotype and niche-they all appear to be derived from ventricular radial glia [15,16].…”

Section: Rising From the Ashes Of The Deadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration from a Cell Biological Perspective—Fascinating New Insights and Paradigms

Tang

2013

CellBio

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Regeneration research is more focused on translational values. However, lying at its very foundation is an understanding of how tissues and organs repair and renew themselves at the cellular level. The past decade has witnessed paradigm changing advances in regenerative biology, many of these stems from novel insights into stemness, pluripotency, cell death and their related intra-and inter-cellular biochemical and molecular processes. Some of these new insights are highlighted in the paragraphs that follow. We now have a much better understanding of how regeneration occurs in lower organisms. We have also discovered tools and means of nuclear reprogramming to generate induced pluripotency and changes in cell fate in mammalian models. With further research, there is reasonable hope that various obstacles of regeneration in humans can be better understood and tackled. As regeneration research enters a new era, CellBio welcomes timely review articles and original papers on the theme of "The Cell Biology of Regeneration".

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Regeneration of the adult zebrafish brain from neurogenic radial glia-type progenitors

Cited by 406 publications

References 85 publications

Subdivisions of the adult zebrafish pallium based on molecular marker analysis

Subdivisions of the adult zebrafish pallium based on molecular marker analysis

Micromanipulation of Gene Expression in the Adult Zebrafish Brain Using Cerebroventricular Microinjection of Morpholino Oligonucleotides

Regeneration from a Cell Biological Perspective—Fascinating New Insights and Paradigms

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