Regimes of X-ray phase-contrast imaging with perfect crystals

Analytical and experimental determination of signal-to-noise ratio and figure of merit in three phase-contrast imaging techniques

“…A number of phase-contrast techniques have been proposed and applied over the last twenty years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10], differing both in the setup and in the physical principles exploited for detecting the phase signal. In a recent publication [11], we have presented a comparison between different key parameters of the image formation in three phase-contrast techniques among the most applied and promising for biomedical applications: propagation-based imaging (PBI), analyzer-based imaging (ABI) and grating interferometry (GI).…”

Theoretical comparison of three X-ray phase-contrast imaging techniques: propagation-based imaging, analyzer-based imaging and grating interferometry

“…In a typical ABI setup the sample-todetector distance is small, so that the propagation phase contrast can be neglected [19]. The general expression for the intensity recorded on the detector [20] can be greatly simplified under the geometrical optics approximation [21], which is valid if the phase of the wave incident onto the crystal is a slowly varying function over the length scales on the order of the crystal extinction length [22]. In this case the intensity for each detector pixel can then be expressed, if the crystal diffraction plane is assumed to be parallel to the (y,z) plane, as:…”

Analysis of ideal observer signal detectability in phase-contrast imaging employing linear shift-invariant optical systems

“…In this case, the impulse response G m ( x ) depends only on a single coordinate [55] with different values of m corresponding to distinct angular orientations of the crystal. Let G 0 ( x ) describe the impulse response when the analyzer is set at its peak position, where the unperturbed incident wavefield satisfies the Bragg condition.…”