Region 20, Appalachian Plateaus and Valley and Ridge

Seaber, Paul R.; Brahana, J.V.; Hollyday, E. F.

doi:10.1130/dnag-gna-o2.189

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Precipitation recharges shallow groundwater systems through vertical shallow fractures and unconsolidated materials, and groundwater naturally discharges to streams in intervening valleys or as side-slope springs (e.g., Williams et al, 1998;Seaber et al, 1988).…”

Section: Study Area and General Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-drilling water-quality data of groundwater prior to shale gas drilling in the Appalachian Basin: Analysis of the Chesapeake Energy Corporation dataset

Siegel

Smith²,

Perry³

et al. 2015

Applied Geochemistry

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Section: Study Area and General Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-drilling water-quality data of groundwater prior to shale gas drilling in the Appalachian Basin: Analysis of the Chesapeake Energy Corporation dataset

Siegel

Smith²,

Perry³

et al. 2015

Applied Geochemistry

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“…The saddle would indicate that the rock below it was weaker (e.g., fractured) which caused preferential weathering and resulted in the saddle. Secondary permeability due to jointing and stress-release fracturing accounts for most of the porosity and permeability in the Appalachian Plateau creating drainage nets (Seaber et al, 1988). When the rock mass above the saddle was removed, this accentuated the process as the compression on the rock was further reduced, likely causing additional fracturing.…”

Section: Discussion Of Aquifer Properties and Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminated Groundwater Flow Control Across an Inverted Groundwater Divide With Three Groundwater Control Systems

Hortert¹

2016

Geological Society of America Abstracts With Programs

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The potential impacts from legacy, unlined landfills to surrounding hydrological systems are substantial challenges in the management of waste and water quality. Because these landfills do not have passive controls (i.e. liners), groundwater controls (pumping wells, trenches, etc.) can be necessary to minimize impacts. However, the function and interaction of multiple groundwater control devices in combination with complicated hydrogeologic settings are poorly characterized.Most research on groundwater control device interactions relies on simulation experiments and either measures the effectiveness of a system using a limited set of groundwater control devices or focuses on a single aquifer. This thesis examines three groundwater control devices (a slurry wall, a pumping trench, and a pumping well) installed near an active legacy landfill to evaluate changes in the flow of contaminated groundwater off site. This system of control devices was evaluated using monthly water quality data from a spring where changes in water quality were observed prior to installation of the groundwater control system. The water geochemical results indicate that the contaminated groundwater flows primarily through the fractured rock in the ridge (contrary to expectations), and therefore the collection trench is more effective in contaminant flux reductions.The groundwater pumping well, designed to capture contaminated groundwater flow through the coal seams and sandstone, is less effective, likely due to limited transport through the coal aquifers.Although the groundwater control system reduces the amount of contaminated groundwater flow off site, these controls must operate until the landfill is closed and a permanent control (i.e. installation of a clay cap which will reduce infiltration and should result in reduced groundwater elevations) can be installed which may take decades. The results provide fundamental information Landfills with no liner system cause water to pool and the water levels in the landfill can impact groundwater quality, recharge area, geomorphic changes, and storage of an aquifer. The primary effect of water pooling in landfills is on flow direction and groundwater levels. For example, changes in groundwater flow direction were observed following the construction of Lake Diefenbaker on the Saskatchewan River (Schmid, 2003). Prior to construction of the dam, groundwater flow direction was toward the river valley in a generally flat topography. After the reservoir was filled, the flow direction reversed and generally flowed away from the river valley 2 up to 5 kilometers upstream of the dam. Additionally, the water levels in the dam caused groundwater levels in the bedrock aquifer through both increased infiltration and the rise in hydraulic base level (Wildi, 2010). In general, this rise in groundwater levels causes the changes in groundwater flow direction. Increased water elevations in the groundwater aquifer were observed in the Riverhurst section of the Lake Diefenbaker dam. When water levels in the lake ...

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“…The geologic structure of the Appalachian Coalfield is generally comprised of flat lying to gently sloping sedimentary rock strata, predominantly clastics (sandstones, siltstones, and shales) of Pennsylvanian geologic age in the southern range and of Permian age in the north (Seaber et al ., ). The region is elevated relative to adjacent terrain and serves as a headwater source area.…”

Section: The Appalachian Coalfieldmentioning

confidence: 97%

Hydrologic Effects of Surface Coal Mining in Appalachia (U.S.)

Evans

Zipper

Hester

et al. 2015

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Surface coal mining operations alter landscapes of the Appalachian Mountains, United States, by replacing bedrock with mine spoil, altering topography, removing native vegetation, and constructing mine soils with hydrologic properties that differ from those of native soils. Research has demonstrated hydrologic effects of mining and reclamation on Appalachian landscapes include increased peakflows at newly mined and reclaimed watersheds in response to strong storm events, increased subsurface void space, and increased base flows. We review these investigations with a focus on identifying changes to hydrologic flow paths caused by surface mining for coal in the Appalachian Mountains. We introduce two conceptual control points that govern hydrologic flow paths on mined lands, including the soil surface that partitions infiltration vs. surface runoff and a potential subsurface zone that partitions subsurface storm flow vs. deeper percolation. Investigations to improve knowledge of hydrologic pathways on reclaimed Appalachian mine sites are needed to identify effects of mining on hydrologic processes, aid development of reclamation methods to reduce hydrologic impacts, and direct environmental mitigation and public policy.

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Region 20, Appalachian Plateaus and Valley and Ridge

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Pre-drilling water-quality data of groundwater prior to shale gas drilling in the Appalachian Basin: Analysis of the Chesapeake Energy Corporation dataset

Pre-drilling water-quality data of groundwater prior to shale gas drilling in the Appalachian Basin: Analysis of the Chesapeake Energy Corporation dataset

Contaminated Groundwater Flow Control Across an Inverted Groundwater Divide With Three Groundwater Control Systems

Hydrologic Effects of Surface Coal Mining in Appalachia (U.S.)

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