2019
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3633-2
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Regional and local temporal trends in the prevalence of canine heartworm infection in the contiguous United States: 2012–2018

Abstract: Background Canine heartworm disease is a potentially fatal disease for which treatment is financially burdensome for many pet owners. Prevention is strongly advocated by the veterinary community along with routine testing for infection during annual wellness examinations. Despite the availability of efficacious chemoprophylaxis, recent reports have suggested that the incidence of heartworm disease in domestic dogs is increasing. Results Using data from tests for heartwo… Show more

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Cited by 30 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…For canine heartworm infection as determined by detection of antigen, the data in the present paper suggest that overall prevalence in well-cared-for pet dogs has remained largely unchanged since national surveys using similar sample sets were first reported [ 1 ] and that percent positive test results from pet dogs have decreased in southern states (Table 1 ), from 3.9% of test results from 2001 to 2007 [ 1 ] to 2.6% of test results from 2013 to 2019. Interestingly, during a similar time period, other researchers reported a significant increase in the prevalence of heartworm infection in the USA, the most marked of which was observed in the South [ 11 , 12 , 27 , 28 ], although regional areas where prevalence was clearly decreasing were also identified [ 27 ]. Apparent discrepancies between the data in the present article and those reported by others may be due to differences in testing platforms, survey methods, or patient profile.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 80%
“…For canine heartworm infection as determined by detection of antigen, the data in the present paper suggest that overall prevalence in well-cared-for pet dogs has remained largely unchanged since national surveys using similar sample sets were first reported [ 1 ] and that percent positive test results from pet dogs have decreased in southern states (Table 1 ), from 3.9% of test results from 2001 to 2007 [ 1 ] to 2.6% of test results from 2013 to 2019. Interestingly, during a similar time period, other researchers reported a significant increase in the prevalence of heartworm infection in the USA, the most marked of which was observed in the South [ 11 , 12 , 27 , 28 ], although regional areas where prevalence was clearly decreasing were also identified [ 27 ]. Apparent discrepancies between the data in the present article and those reported by others may be due to differences in testing platforms, survey methods, or patient profile.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 80%
“…While multiple epidemiologic surveys have separately reported regional or national prevalence of HW infection in dogs and cats ( Levy et al, 2003 , Bowman and Atkins, 2009 , Tzipory et al, 2010 , Venco et al, 2011 , Little et al, 2014 , Levy et al, 2017 , Drake and Parrish, 2019 , Self et al, 2019 ), we are unaware of reports comparing prevalence of infection in age-matched cats and dogs from the USA that were screened contemporaneously with a comprehensive panel of diagnostic tests. The aim of this study was to use multiple HW diagnostic modalities to maximize detection of HW infection in dogs and cats and compare prevalence between these two hosts.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Australia, preventative drugs are widely available at veterinary clinics, pet stores, supermarkets and on the internet via online veterinary wholesalers, providing easy access to prophylactic therapy [13,35]. More restricted availability of MLs in North America, reduced competition in the marketplace and possibly higher cost (as a result) may in part explain why heartworm disease has been virtually eradicated from NSW in Australia, in contrast to most of the USA [36]. Additionally, NSW has been in extended drought conditions for three years, which presumably has reduced the availability of mosquito vectors.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%