Regional Cable Observatory Solutions

Hazell, N.; Lecroart, A.; Marcerou, J.F.

doi:10.1109/oceans.2007.4449231

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In long-distance submarine cable communication systems, the traditional CC mode can effectively prevent shunt faults, which are the most common type of failures in submarine cables. However, the CC mode cannot support the power level required by each node (e.g., NEPTUNE requires up to 10 kW), nor can it carry sufficient power several hundred kilometers away from the backbone [8].…”

Section: Constant Voltagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main conclusion drawn from numerous preliminary studies is that large multifunctional networks should use the CV mode. Moreover, a key factor for a large network is its ability to provide power at locations far away from the backbone because scientific instruments may be located in geologically active areas of the seafloor where communication cables are not typically laid [8].…”

Section: Constant Voltagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technological breakthroughs promoted by COO solutions will expand the applicability of products originally designed for submarine communication networks. These non-telecommunication applications are expected to contribute significantly to the development of the industry over the coming years [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technology Review of Cabled Ocean Observatories

Shu,

Lyu,

et al. 2023

JMSE

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Cabled ocean observatories (COOs) have enabled real-time in situ ocean observations for decades, thereby facilitating oceanic understanding and exploration. This review discusses typical COOs worldwide in terms of system configurations and state-of-the-art technology, including network structures, power supply modes, and communication capabilities, and provides a comprehensive analysis of their technical routes. The main characteristics of line, ring, star, and grid networks and their applicability in COOs are elucidated, and the advantages and disadvantages of various power supply modes, as well as the opportunities brought by the development of communication technologies, are described. The insights gained from these discussions can inform the implementation of grid structures, optimization of cable routings, expansion of COO scales, application of dual-conductor submarine cables, and upgrading of communication capacity. On this basis, the challenges and future research directions related to COOs are presented.

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Section: Constant Voltagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Constant Voltagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Technology Review of Cabled Ocean Observatories

Shu,

Lyu,

et al. 2023

JMSE

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“…In the first decade of the 2000 s, attention shifted to regionalscale observatories such as NEPTUNE (ONC), OOI RCA, and DONET (Barnes et al, 2007;Best et al, 2007;Hazell et al, 2007;Kawaguchi et al, 2008;Consortium for Ocean Leadership 2010). Each of these employed telecommunication cable and repeaters; bespoke housings (i.e., nodes) were developed for interconnection, power delivery, and communications.…”

Section: From Single-purpose Cables To Smart Cablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMART Subsea Cables for Observing the Earth and Ocean, Mitigating Environmental Hazards, and Supporting the Blue Economy

et al. 2022

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The Joint Task Force, Science Monitoring And Reliable Telecommunications (JTF SMART) Subsea Cables, is working to integrate environmental sensors for ocean bottom temperature, pressure, and seismic acceleration into submarine telecommunications cables. The purpose of SMART Cables is to support climate and ocean observation, sea level monitoring, observations of Earth structure, and tsunami and earthquake early warning and disaster risk reduction, including hazard quantification. Recent advances include regional SMART pilot systems that are the first steps to trans-ocean and global implementation. Examples of pilots include: InSEA wet demonstration project off Sicily at the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory Western Ionian Facility; New Caledonia and Vanuatu; French Polynesia Natitua South system connecting Tahiti to Tubaui to the south; Indonesia starting with short pilot systems working toward systems for the Sumatra-Java megathrust zone; and the CAM-2 ring system connecting Lisbon, Azores, and Madeira. This paper describes observing system simulations for these and other regions. Funding reflects a blend of government, development bank, philanthropic foundation, and commercial contributions. In addition to notable scientific and societal benefits, the telecommunications enterprise’s mission of global connectivity will benefit directly, as environmental awareness improves both the integrity of individual cable systems as well as the resilience of the overall global communications network. SMART cables support the outcomes of a predicted, safe, and transparent ocean as envisioned by the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development and the Blue Economy. As a continuation of the OceanObs’19 conference and community white paper (Howe et al., 2019, doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00424), an overview of the SMART programme and a description of the status of ongoing projects are given.

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“…In the first decade of the 2000s, attention shifted to regional scale observatories such as NEPTUNE/ONC in Canada, DONET in Japan, and the OOI Regional Cabled Array (RCA) in the United States (Hazell et al, 2007;Kawaguchi et al, 2008; Consortium for Ocean Leadership, 2010; Barnes et al, 2015). Each of these employed telecommunications cable and repeaters; bespoke housings were developed for interconnection, power delivery, and communications.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMART Cables for Observing the Global Ocean: Science and Implementation

et al. 2019

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The ocean is key to understanding societal threats including climate change, sea level rise, ocean warming, tsunamis, and earthquakes. Because the ocean is difficult and costly to monitor, we lack fundamental data needed to adequately model, understand, and address these threats. One solution is to integrate sensors into future undersea telecommunications cables. This is the mission of the SMART subsea cables initiative (Science Monitoring And Reliable Telecommunications). SMART sensors would "piggyback" on the power and communications infrastructure of a million kilometers of undersea fiber optic cable and thousands of repeaters, creating the potential for seafloor-based global ocean observing at a modest incremental cost. Initial sensors would measure temperature, pressure, and seismic acceleration. The resulting data would address two critical scientific and societal issues: the longterm need for sustained climate-quality data from the under-sampled ocean (e.g., deep ocean temperature, sea level, and circulation), and the near-term need for improvements to global tsunami warning networks. A Joint Task Force (JTF) led by three UN agencies (ITU/WMO/UNESCO-IOC) is working to bring this initiative to fruition. This paper explores the ocean science and early warning improvements available

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Regional Cable Observatory Solutions

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Technology Review of Cabled Ocean Observatories

Technology Review of Cabled Ocean Observatories

SMART Subsea Cables for Observing the Earth and Ocean, Mitigating Environmental Hazards, and Supporting the Blue Economy

SMART Cables for Observing the Global Ocean: Science and Implementation

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