Regional carbon drawdown with enhanced weathering of non-hazardous industrial wastes

Jia, Xiaoping; Zhang, Zetian; Wang, Fei; Li, Zhiwei; Wang, Yutao; Aviso, Kathleen B.; Foo, Dominic Y.C.; Nair, Purusothmn Nair S. Bhasker; Tan, Raymond R.; Wang, Fang

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105910

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…where AFF is the annualized cost factor, and OF i,k , FC1 i,k and FC2 i,k are the operational costs, fixed capital costs and capacity-dependent capital costs of power plant i in period k, respectively. Following this, the total costs associated with the deployment of renewable energy source r (CTC k ), EP-NETs technology p (CTEP k ) and EC-NETs technology q (CTEQ k ) in period k are determined from Equation (25), Equation (26) and Equation (27), respectively:…”

Section: Mathematical Formulation Of Deco2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fuzzy model was further enhanced to consider the uncertainties that exist within industrial supply chains and economic evaluations [24]. A recent work considered the use of non-hazardous industrial waste during EW, in which a superstructural model was developed for its evaluation and analysis [25]. Since large-scale CDR would require a portfolio of NETs, an LP model was formulated to optimise NETs' deployment under resource (e.g., land, water, nutrients, and energy) constraints [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DECO2—An Open-Source Energy System Decarbonisation Planning Software including Negative Emissions Technologies

et al. 2023

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The deployment of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) and negative emissions technologies (NETs) are crucial to meeting the net-zero emissions target by the year 2050, as emphasised by the Glasgow Climate Pact. Over the years, several energy planning models have been developed to address the temporal aspects of carbon management. However, limited works have incorporated CCS and NETs for bottom-up energy planning at the individual plant scale, which is considered in this work. The novel formulation is implemented in an open-source energy system software that has been developed in this work for optimal decarbonisation planning. The DECarbonation Options Optimisation (DECO2) software considers multiperiod energy planning with a superstructural model and was developed in Python with an integrated user interface in Microsoft Excel. The software application is demonstrated with two scenarios that differ in terms of the availabilities of mitigation technologies. For the more conservative Scenario 1, in which CCS is only available in later years, and other NETs are assumed not to be available, all coal plants were replaced with biomass. Meanwhile, only 38% of natural gas plants are CCS retrofitted. The remaining natural gas plants are replaced with biogas. For the more aggressive Scenario 2, which includes all mitigation technologies, once again, all coal plants undergo fuel substitution. However, close to half of the natural gas plants are CCS retrofitted. The results demonstrated the potential of fuel substitutions for low-carbon alternatives in existing coal and natural gas power plants. Additionally, once NETs are mature and are available for commercial deployment, their deployment is crucial in aiding CO2 removal in minimal investment costs scenarios. However, the results indicate that the deployment of energy-producing NETs (EP-NETs), e.g., biochar and biomass with CCS, are far more beneficial in CO2 removal versus energy-consuming NETs (EC-NETs), e.g., enhanced weathering. The newly developed open-source software demonstrates the importance of determining the optimal deployment of mitigation technologies in meeting climate change targets for each period, as well as driving the achievement of net-zero emissions by mid-century.

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Section: Mathematical Formulation Of Deco2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DECO2—An Open-Source Energy System Decarbonisation Planning Software including Negative Emissions Technologies

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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“…5−8 Utilizing waste for ERW CDR is aligned with industrial ecology principles promoting circular utilization of waste materials to enhance resource efficiency and waste management. 7,10 Existing literature estimates global ERW CDR potential by modeling material weathering with different minerals' capacities to chemically weather, mineral particle sizes, and application scenarios. 11−18 Previous studies have also discussed avoided emissions from nitrogen fertilizer substitution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silicate rocks mined for ERW include mafic to ultramafic rocks, such as basalt and dunite, and other Ca- and Mg-rich silicate minerals, like wollastonite ore . Less traditional materials can be used for ERW, such as waste silicate materials (e.g., fly ash from energy production), industrial wastes (e.g., red mud and slag), and other demolition wastes (e.g., cement kiln dust). − Previous literature has highlighted the potential benefits of utilizing waste materials for ERW, e.g., avoiding mining and grinding activities to reduce emissions and costs and utilizing low-cost waste materials. − Utilizing waste for ERW CDR is aligned with industrial ecology principles promoting circular utilization of waste materials to enhance resource efficiency and waste management. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic and Life Cycle Assessment of Enhanced Rock Weathering: A Case Study from the Midwestern United States

Zhang,

Kroeger,

Planavsky

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy for combating climate change. The CDR potentials of ERW have been assessed at the process and national/global levels, but the environmental and economic implications of ERW have not been fully quantified for U.S. applications with real-world supply chain considerations. This study develops an optimization-based, integrated life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis framework for ERW, which is demonstrated by a case study applying mining waste to croplands in the Midwestern U.S. The case study explores maximum transportation distances for intermodal transportation at varied mineral CDR yields and costs, informing supply chain design for economically viable ERW. ERW costs (US$45 to 472/tonne of net CO2e captured) and cradle-to-farm gate GHG emissions (41 to 359 kg CO2e/tonne of CO2e captured) are estimated based on a range of CDR yields and by transportation distances to and from two Midwest port destinations: Chicago and Duluth. Our sensitivity analysis identifies CDR yields, and transportation modes and distances as driving factors for result variations. Our study reveals the importance of ERW supply chain design and provides an example of U.S. CDR implementation. Our framework and findings can be applied to other regional ERW projects.

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“…Energies 2022, 15, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 13 intensity, upgrading of industrial structures, and an ultimate environmental upgrading via carbon emission reductions, as carbon emission reductions are a reflection of upgraded technology. Jia et al [7] stated that in accordance with the new green growth philosophy, China has paid greater attention to environmental preservation and implemented different actions to reduce emissions, including industrial and energy structure adjustment (Mi et al) [8] and adopting market instruments for emission reduction [9]. According to Wu and Gong [10], the use of a market-oriented mechanisms for cutting down carbon emissions is more cost-effective, as well as more efficient, than conventional strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Carbon Emission Trading Policy of China: Does It Really Boost the Environmental Upgrading?

Shahid

Jian

et al. 2022

Energies

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China’s rapid industrialization has led to massive resource consumption, and the country has recently been highlighted as the World’s top carbon emitter. To pursue a sustainable economy via environmental upgrading, reductions in carbon emission levels are of great concern. The carbon emission reduction policy (CETP) is an environmental regulation aimed at cutting emissions and achieving environmental protection. Based on panel data of pilot and non-pilot regions, this study investigated the policy impact of the CETP on carbon emission reduction through difference-in-differences (DID). The findings, based on pooled OLS (ordinary least squares) and LSDV (least square dummy variable) regressions, revealed that the carbon emissions of the pilot regions (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangdong, Chongqing, and Hubei) had reduced by 12 percent more than the non-pilot regions. Thus, this implies that the CETP causes environmental upgrading. The results were further verified using a number of robustness checks, including parallel trends, placebo test, Granger causality test, and DID regression with a longer sample period. Based on the study findings, it was concluded that to achieve higher upgrade levels related to the environment, the CETP needs to be encouraged and improved for nationwide implementation. Furthermore, sustainable economic development in China also needs strict environmental regulations and policy measures.

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Regional carbon drawdown with enhanced weathering of non-hazardous industrial wastes

Cited by 24 publications

References 57 publications

DECO2—An Open-Source Energy System Decarbonisation Planning Software including Negative Emissions Technologies

DECO2—An Open-Source Energy System Decarbonisation Planning Software including Negative Emissions Technologies

Techno-Economic and Life Cycle Assessment of Enhanced Rock Weathering: A Case Study from the Midwestern United States

The Carbon Emission Trading Policy of China: Does It Really Boost the Environmental Upgrading?

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