Regional cerebral blood flow in normal individuals aged 40, 75 and 88 years studied by 99Tcm-d,l-HMPAO SPET

Larsson, Anders; Skoog, I.; Aevarsson, Olafur; Ärlig, Åsa; Jacobsson, Lars; Larsson, Lena; Östling, Svante; Wikkelsø, Carsten

doi:10.1097/00006231-200107000-00003

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Although the conclusions about brain location on the basis of behavioral data alone are limited and speculative, the combined age-related inhibition and task management changes observed in the present study would be consistent with dorsolateral PFC mechanisms, but would also be consistent with a possible involvement of the anterior cingulate cortex (Cummings, 1993;Dreher & Grafman, 2003;Loose et al, 2003;Sturm & Zimmermann, 2000;Suchan et al, 2003Suchan et al, , 2005. This is also supported by neuroimaging results of decreased rCBF within the frontal cingular gyri in older subjects (Larsson et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Differential Course of Executive Control Changes During Normal Aging

Treitz

Heyder

Daum

2007

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition

111

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Normal aging has been associated with executive control deficits, but it is as yet unclear whether different executive subprocesses are differentially affected during the course of aging. The present study aimed to investigate age effects on a range of executive control subcomponents. Four consecutive age groups (20-30 years, 31-45 years, 46-60 years, 61-75 years), matched on present state IQ and mood, were compared on tasks of strategic memory processing, verbal fluency, reasoning, inhibition, task management, and self-rating of executive abilities. Deficits concerning the suppression of habitual and experimentally induced prepotent response tendencies and the ability to efficiently divide attention were observed in subjects over 60 years of age compared to the younger groups, while memory, verbal fluency, and reasoning were largely unaffected. Results suggest a sharp decline of executive function after age 60 and a differential course of different executive subcomponents across aging, adding further support to a multi-dimensional model of executive function.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Differential Course of Executive Control Changes During Normal Aging

Treitz

Heyder

Daum

2007

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition

111

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“…A similar decline in memory arising from brief hypoxic exposure has been reported in experimental animals [42]. Brain oxygen levels are largely dependent on cerebral blood flow [43, 44], which declines with aging [44]. Furthermore, the cerebral blood flow was 20% lower in AD than in the age-matched nondemented control group [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Brazilian Green Propolis Suppresses the Hypoxia-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses by Inhibiting NF-κB Activation in Microglia

Zhu²,

Takayama

et al. 2013

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Hypoxia has been recently proposed as a neuroinflammatogen, which drives microglia to produce proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6. Considering the fact that propolis has hepatoprotective, antitumor, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects, propolis may have protective effects against the hypoxia-induced neuroinflammatory responses. In this study, propolis (50 μg/mL) was found to significantly inhibit the hypoxia-induced cytotoxicity and the release of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, by MG6 microglia following hypoxic exposure (1% O2, 24 h). Furthermore, propolis significantly inhibited the hypoxia-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from mitochondria and the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in microglia. Moreover, systemic treatment with propolis (8.33 mg/kg, 2 times/day, i.p.) for 7 days significantly suppressed the microglial expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine, a biomarker for oxidative damaged DNA, in the somatosensory cortex of mice subjected to hypoxia exposure (10% O2, 4 h). These observations indicate that propolis suppresses the hypoxia-induced neuroinflammatory responses through inhibition of the NF-κB activation in microglia. Furthermore, increased generation of ROS from the mitochondria is responsible for the NF-κB activation. Therefore, propolis may be beneficial in preventing hypoxia-induced neuroinflammation.

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“…For instance, a reduction of nearly 40% in total cerebral blood flow has been reported in aging subjects (80-88 years) as compared to young adults (19-29 years) using ungated two-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiography (Buijs et al, 1998). Smaller reductions have been reported using singlephoton emission tomography (Larsson et al, 2001). That reduced Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) in the elderly may indeed attenuate the BOLD response is demonstrated by a reduced increase in total hemoglobin during finger tapping, measured over the motor cortex with a combination of fMRI and near-infrared spectroscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aging on BOLD fMRI during Prosaccades and Antisaccades

Raemaekers

Vink²,

Heuvel³

et al. 2006

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Age affects the ability to inhibit saccadic eye movements. According to current theories, this may be associated with age-induced neurophysiological changes in the brain and with compensatory activation in frontal brain areas. In the present study, the effects of aging are assessed on brain systems that subserve generation and inhibition of saccadic eye movements. For this purpose, an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging design was used in adults covering three age ranges (18-30, 30-55, and 55-72 years). Group differences were controlled for task performance. Activity associated with saccadic inhibition was represented by the contrast between prosaccade and antisaccade activation. The tasks activated well-documented networks of regions known to be involved in generation and inhibition of saccadic eye movements. There was an age-related shift in activity from posterior to frontal brain regions after young adulthood. In addition, old adults demonstrated an overall reduction in the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal in the visual and oculomotor system. Age, however, did not affect saccade inhibition activity. Mid and old adults appear to increase frontal activation to maintain performance even during simple prosaccades. The global reduction of the BOLD response in old adults could reflect a reduction in neural activity, as well as changes in the neuronal-vascular coupling. Future research should address the impact of altered vascular dynamics on neural activation and the BOLD signal.

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Regional cerebral blood flow in normal individuals aged 40, 75 and 88 years studied by 99Tcm-d,l-HMPAO SPET

Cited by 24 publications

References 29 publications

Differential Course of Executive Control Changes During Normal Aging

Differential Course of Executive Control Changes During Normal Aging

Brazilian Green Propolis Suppresses the Hypoxia-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses by Inhibiting NF-κB Activation in Microglia

Effects of Aging on BOLD fMRI during Prosaccades and Antisaccades

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